Greenhouse Gases Emissions of Constructed Wetlands: Mechanisms and Affecting Factors

Abstract

Constructed wetlands (CWs) widely applied for wastewater treatment release significant greenhouse gases (GHGs), contributing to global warming. It is essential to characterize the comprehensive source-sink effects and affecting factors of GHGs in CWs, offering references and guidance for designing and operating CWs to better control GHG emissions. However, current reviews focus on individual GHG emission mechanisms. With the aid of the Web of Science Core Collection database, the relevant literature on carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in CWs after 2010 was collected and organized. As highlighted in the review, CWs can produce and transmit these GHGs into the atmosphere, forming sources of GHGs and sequestration CO2 through plants photosynthesis, forming sinks of GHGs. Their overall performance depends on many factors. Hybrid CWs, Cyperus papyrus, Cyperus alternifolius, and Iris pseudacorus, adsorption substrates like Fe-C, low temperatures, and a C/N ratio of five are beneficial for GHG mitigation in CWs. Future studies should focus on in-depth research into the mechanisms and overall source-sink benefits of plants and microorganisms in relation to GHGs. This review provided a comprehensive understanding of the emission mechanisms and affecting factors of the major GHGs in CWs, bridging the research gap in this field, helping researchers to clarify the context, and providing valuable in-sights for further scientific investigations.

Characteristics of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Constructed Wetlands Vegetated with Myriophyllum aquatic: The Effects of Influent C/N Ratio and Microbial Responses

“…In addition, a variety of genera associated with aerobic denitrification, such as Flavobacterium, Rhodanobacter, and Pseudomonas, were detected in C 0 N [47,54]. Although aerobic denitrifying bacteria accounted for a relatively small fraction of the total microorganisms, some of the products of aerobic denitrification were only N 2 O, rather than N 2 , and thus may have contributed to systemic N 2 O production [3].…”

“…Constructed wetlands (CWs) are commonly used for their cost-effectiveness and easy management [1]. However, CWs emit 2-10 times more GHGs per unit area than natural wetlands [2], including carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O), which contribute significantly to global warming and ozone layer destruction [3]. With the ongoing promotion and development of CWs for wastewater treatment, assessing their potential atmospheric impact is essential [4].…”

Effects of filtered liquid fertilizer and compost tea derived from livestock waste on growth of plants, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory for Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.)

“…Journal of Animal Environmental Science Vol.26 No.1 메탄가스(CH 4 )와 아산화질소가스(N 2 O)가 발생하며 이산 화탄소(CO 2 )와 비교하여 메탄가스는 26배, 질소산화물가 스는 296배 높은 온실효과를 가진다 (Jong et al, 2010;Peter et al, 2023;Wang et al, 2023;Yin et al, 2023). 따라 서 가축분뇨의 자원화 등을 통한 적절한 처리방안이 필요 한 실정이다.…”