Greenhouse gas treatment and H2 production, by warm plasma reforming

Pacheco, J.; Soria, Gustavo Adolfo Siles; Pacheco, Marquidia; Valdivia, Ricardo; Ramos, F; Frias, Hilda; Durán, M; Hidalgo, M. A.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.08.062

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, most of the current research in this field is based on experiments and assumptions without an in-depth understanding of the ongoing plasma chemical reactions [26,27,[30][31][32]. The underlying mechanisms of this energy-efficient process in warm plasmas are still far from understood, which is severely limiting the scale-up and application of this promising technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma activation of methane for hydrogen production in a N2 rotating gliding arc warm plasma: A chemical kinetics study

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2018

Chemical Engineering Journal

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In this work, a chemical kinetics study on methane activation for hydrogen production in a warm plasma, i.e., N 2 rotating gliding arc (RGA), was performed for the first time to get new insights into the underlying reaction mechanisms and pathways. A zero-dimensional chemical kinetics model was developed, which showed a good agreement with the experimental results in terms of the conversion of CH 4 and product selectivities, allowing us to get a better understanding of the relative significance of various important species and their related reactions to the formation and loss of CH 4 , H 2 , and C 2 H 2 etc. An overall reaction scheme was obtained to provide a realistic picture of the plasma chemistry. The results reveal that the electrons and excited nitrogen species (mainly N 2 (A)) play a dominant role in the initial dissociation of CH 4 . However, the H atom induced reaction CH 4 + H → CH 3 + H 2 , which has an enhanced reaction rate due to the high gas temperature (over 1200 K), is the major contributor to both the conversion of CH 4 and H 2 production, with its relative contributions of >90% and >85%, respectively, when only considering the forward reactions. The coexistence and interaction of thermochemical and plasma chemical processes in the rotating gliding arc warm plasma significantly enhance the process performance. The formation of C 2 hydrocarbons follows a nearly one-way path of C 2 H 6 → C 2 H 4 → C 2 H 2 , explaining why the selectivities of C 2 products decreased in the order of C 2 H 2 > C 2 H 4 > C 2 H 6 .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma activation of methane for hydrogen production in a N2 rotating gliding arc warm plasma: A chemical kinetics study

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2018

Chemical Engineering Journal

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“…Some studies have reported preheating the reactants [30,40] for DRM in gliding arc discharge, whereas others have carried out the reaction with gases being fed at room temperature [7,25,41]. However, the effect of inlet gas temperature on CO2 and CH4 conversions and H2 and CO yields for RGA discharge is still not clear.…”

Section: Effect Of Inlet Gas Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, MW technologies are hard to scale up due to the inherently complicated configurations and high installation costs [28,29]. A promising technology, the gliding arc discharge, produces a plasma classified by some authors as a "warm plasma" [26,30,31]. Gliding arc discharges present properties between thermal and non-thermal plasmas, such as high electron temperatures (>1 eV), high electron density of 10 13 to 10 15 cm -3 , and gas temperatures of 1000 to 3000 K, while the non-equilibrium between electron and heavy particles is still maintained enabling conversion and selectivity [30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A promising technology, the gliding arc discharge, produces a plasma classified by some authors as a "warm plasma" [26,30,31]. Gliding arc discharges present properties between thermal and non-thermal plasmas, such as high electron temperatures (>1 eV), high electron density of 10 13 to 10 15 cm -3 , and gas temperatures of 1000 to 3000 K, while the non-equilibrium between electron and heavy particles is still maintained enabling conversion and selectivity [30][31][32][33]. Furthermore, up to 45% of the electrical energy provided to the gliding arc may be directly absorbed by endothermic chemical reactions, as in the case of DRM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Operating Parameters on Plasma-Assisted Dry Reforming of Methane in a Rotating Gliding Arc Reactor

Martin-del-Campo

Coulombe

Kopyscinski

2020

Plasma Chem Plasma Process

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The environmental impact of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane can be reduced if they are used as feedstock to synthesize chemical building blocks such as syngas (CO, H 2) via dry reforming. Methane dry reforming is investigated using an Ar/CO2/CH4 rotating gliding arc (RGA) reactor powered by a dual-stage pulsed DC power supply. Tangential gas injection combined with a static magnetic field enabled the rotation and upward displacement of the arc along the conical cathode and the grounded anode, yielding to a larger plasma volume. Different parameters such as peak arc current (0.74 and 1.50 A), total gas flow rate (3.7, 4.7 and 6.7 SLPM), CO2/CH4 ratio (1.0, 1.5, 2.0) and gas inlet preheating (room temperature, 200 °C) were studied to determine the most efficient parameter combination. Gas conversion was measured online using a calibrated mass spectrometer and offline using a gas chromatograph. Noticeable increases in CO2 and CH4 conversions, as well as H2 and CO yields, were obtained when doubling the peak arc current. For the larger peak current, higher H2 yields were obtained at a CO2/CH4=1.0, and the best energy efficiencies were obtained at the lowest specific energy input values. No significant effect of the gas inlet temperature on the conversions or yields was found. Trace amounts of acetylene and ethylene, as well as some carbon deposits were observed as by-products of syngas generation. The low amount of by-products obtained implies a good selectivity for CO and H2, i.e., a cleaner syngas when produced with RGA discharge.

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“…avoiding redundant power consumption in the plasma discharge as it was explained in detail elsewhere [29]. The HF transformer transfers the maximum energy toward the plasma discharge; in addition, it also functions as a stabilizer, because a natural negative feedback controls the impedance plasma discharge; when the impedance charge goes down, the voltage is automatically adjusted to sustain a stable plasma discharge; and consequently a lower electrical field of about 3 kV/mm is applied between electrodes; as a result, a low-current discharge streaks between the electrodes' closest points and pre-ionizes the gas gap, causing the formation of a stronger current to sustain the warm plasma discharge in the GHG.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Warm Plasma Reactor Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse Gases Reforming and Hydrogen Upgrading by Using Warm Plasma Technology

Pacheco-Sotelo¹,

Valdivia-Barrientos²,

Pacheco-Pacheco³

2019

Green Technologies to Improve the Environment on Earth

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Global warming is an alarming problem with adverse impact on climate change. Carbon dioxide (CO 2) and methane (CH 4) have been identified as the most significant greenhouse gases (GHG) normally arising from anthropogenic activities; therefore, promising treatment technologies are developing all over the world to resolve this problem. The warm plasma is an emergent process with low specific energy requirement capable to reach high temperature to produce excited species and support subsequent chemical reactions. Consequently, warm plasma reactors can be accomplished with simple structure reactors having high gas flow rates and treatment capacity. Plasma interaction with GHG leads into a molecular dissociation, mainly forming CO and H 2 , also known as syngas, which represents an alternative energy source with innovative applications in microturbines and fuel cells, among other emerging applications. The process here explained assures a significant reduction in CO 2 emission and H 2 yield upgrading. The reforming experimental results by using two warm plasma reactors are connected in series to improve the syngas yield. This alternative represents a great possibility for CO 2 conversion.

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Greenhouse gas treatment and H2 production, by warm plasma reforming

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Plasma activation of methane for hydrogen production in a N2 rotating gliding arc warm plasma: A chemical kinetics study

Plasma activation of methane for hydrogen production in a N2 rotating gliding arc warm plasma: A chemical kinetics study

Influence of Operating Parameters on Plasma-Assisted Dry Reforming of Methane in a Rotating Gliding Arc Reactor

Greenhouse Gases Reforming and Hydrogen Upgrading by Using Warm Plasma Technology

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