Greenhouse gas fluxes in a drained peatland forest during spring frost-thaw event

Pihlatie, Mari; Kiese, Ralf; Brüggemann, Nicolas; Butterbach‐Bahl, Klaus; Kieloaho, Antti‐Jussi; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Mammarella, Ivan; Minkkinen, Kari; Penttilä, Timo; Schönborn, Jochen; Vesala, Timo

doi:10.5194/bg-7-1715-2010

Cited by 45 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The concentrations of most of the measured elements were highest in the humus layer and lowest deeper in the peat (Table 1). The pH of the peat was 5.0 (Pihlatie et al, 2010). The concentration of soil NO − 3 was negligible, whereas the NH + 4 concentration in the peat varied between 5 and 15 mg N kg −1 and that of dissolved N between 75 and 225 mg N kg −1 soil (Pihlatie et al, 2010).…”

Section: Site Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Direct measurements of the sub-canopy CO 2 fluxes have indicated that the ground layer of Kalevansuo was a C source in April-June (Pihlatie et al, 2010). However, this sub-canopy flux consists of not only the NEE of the peat and ground layer vegetation, but also the tree root respiration.…”

Section: Annual Uptake Of Co 2 Exceeds Peat Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pine stand had a dominant height of 15 m, a basal area of 17 m 2 ha −1 , and the annual stem volume growth was 5.5 m 3 ha −1 yr −1 . The annual increment of Pihlatie et al (2010), taking into account the density fluctuations related to the water vapour flux (Webb et al, 1980). The results were corrected for systematic flux losses using the transfer function method of Moore (1986), including the losses due to autoregressive running mean filtering and the imperfect high-frequency response of the measurement system.…”

Section: Site Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier, Pihlatie et al (2010) have reported greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes measured at this site during April-June 2007, in particular the short-term dynamics of N 2 O and CH 4 and the effect of soil thawing on them. Here we report a full year of data on CO 2 exchange of a forestrydrained peatland drained 35 years before the start of our EC measurements.…”

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Greenhouse gas flux measurements in a forestry-drained peatland indicate a large carbon sink

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Drainage for forestry purposes increases the depth of the oxic peat layer and leads to increased growth of shrubs and trees. Concurrently, the production and uptake of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) change: due to the accelerated decomposition of peat in the presence of oxygen, drained peatlands are generally considered to lose peat carbon (C). We measured CO 2 exchange with the eddy covariance (EC) method above a drained nutrient-poor peatland forest in southern . Photosynthesis was detected throughout the year when the air temperature exceeded −3 • C. As the annual accumulation of C in the above and below ground tree biomass (175 ± 35 g C m −2 ) was significantly lower than the accumulation observed by the flux measurement (240 ± 30 g C m −2 ), about 65 g C m −2 yr −1 was likely to have accumulated as organic matter into the peat soil. This is a higher average accumulation rate than previously reported for natural northern peatlands, and the first time C accumulation has been shown by EC measurements to occur in a forestry-drained peatland. Our results suggest that forestry-drainage may significantly increase the CO 2 uptake rate of nutrient-poor peatland ecosystems.

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Section: Site Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Annual Uptake Of Co 2 Exceeds Peat Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Site Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Greenhouse gas flux measurements in a forestry-drained peatland indicate a large carbon sink

et al. 2011

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“…Warm and dry conditions in peatlands can promote CO 2 uptake by enhancing GPP, diminish uptake by limiting moisture (Roulet et al, 2007;Charman et al, 2013) or accelerate CO 2 release by enhancing R (Hanson et al, 2000;Davidson and Janssens, 2006;Lund et al, 2010;Ise et al, 2008;Cai et al, 2010). In a dwarf-shrub pine bog, Pihlatie et al (2010) found that the CO 2 flux peak followed the increase in air and soil temperature closely, being higher (uptake) on warm and lower (emission) on cold days. They found an increase in the net uptake and emission of 4.3 and 2.5 g C m −2 d −1 , respectively, coincident with an average increase in air and soil temperature from 0 • C (late April) to 27 • C (early June).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon dioxide flux and net primary production of a boreal treed bog: Responses to warming and water-table-lowering simulations of climate change

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Midlatitude treed bogs represent significant carbon (C) stocks and are highly sensitive to global climate change. In a dry continental treed bog, we compared three sites: control, recent (1-3 years; experimental) and older drained (10-13 years), with water levels at 38, 74 and 120 cm below the surface, respectively. At each site we measured carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) fluxes and estimated tree root respiration (R r ; across hummock-hollow microtopography of the forest floor) and net primary production (NPP) of trees during the growing seasons (May to October) of 2011-2013. The CO 2 -C balance was calculated by adding the net CO 2 exchange of the forest floor (NE ff − R r ) to the NPP of the trees.From cooler and wetter 2011 to the driest and the warmest 2013, the control site was a CO 2 -C sink of 92, 70 and 76 g m −2 , the experimental site was a CO 2 -C source of 14, 57 and 135 g m −2 , and the drained site was a progressively smaller source of 26, 23 and 13 g CO 2 -C m −2 . The short-term drainage at the experimental site resulted in small changes in vegetation coverage and large net CO 2 emissions at the microforms. In contrast, the longer-term drainage and deeper water level at the drained site resulted in the replacement of mosses with vascular plants (shrubs) on the hummocks and lichen in the hollows leading to the highest CO 2 uptake at the drained hummocks and significant losses in the hollows. The tree NPP (including above-and belowground growth and litter fall) in 2011 and 2012 was significantly higher at the drained site (92 and 83 g C m −2 ) than at the experimental (58 and 55 g C m −2 ) and control (52 and 46 g C m −2 ) sites.We also quantified the impact of climatic warming at all water table treatments by equipping additional plots with open-top chambers (OTCs) that caused a passive warming on average of ∼ 1 • C and differential air warming of ∼ 6 • C at midday full sun over the study years. Warming significantly enhanced shrub growth and the CO 2 sink function of the drained hummocks (exceeding the cumulative respiration losses in hollows induced by the lowered water level × warming). There was an interaction of water level with warming across hummocks that resulted in the largest net CO 2 uptake at the warmed drained hummocks. Thus in 2013, the warming treatment enhanced the sink function of the control site by 13 g m −2 , reduced the source function of the experimental by 10 g m −2 and significantly enhanced the sink function of the drained site by 73 g m −2 . Therefore, drying and warming in continental bogs is expected to initially accelerate CO 2 -C losses via ecosystem respiration, but persistent drought and warming is expected to restore the peatland's original CO 2 -C sink function as a result of the shifts in vegetation composition and productivity between the microforms and increased NPP of trees over time.

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Lateral expansion and carbon exchange of a boreal peatland in Finland resulting in 7000 years of positive radiative forcing

et al. 2017

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Data on past peatland growth patterns, vegetation development, and carbon (C) dynamics during the various Holocene climate phases may help us to understand possible future climate‐peatland feedback mechanisms. In this study, we analyzed and radiocarbon dated several peat cores from Kalevansuo, a drained bog in southern Finland. We investigated peatland succession and C dynamics throughout the Holocene. These data were used to reconstruct the long‐term atmospheric radiative forcing, i.e., climate impact of the peatland since initiation. Kalevansuo peat records revealed a general development from fen to bog, typical for the southern boreal zone, but the timing of ombrotrophication varied in different parts of the peatland. Peat accumulation patterns and lateral expansion through paludification were influenced by fires and climate conditions. Long‐term C accumulation rates were overall lower than the average values found from literature. We suggest the low accumulation rates are due to repeated burning of the peat surface. Drainage for forestry resulted in a nearly complete replacement of typical bog mosses by forest species within 40 years after drainage. The radiative forcing reconstruction suggested positive values (warming) for the first ~7000 years following initiation. The change from positive to negative forcing was triggered by an expansion of bog vegetation cover and later by drainage. The strong relationship between peatland area and peat type with radiative forcing suggests a possible feedback for future changing climate, as high‐latitude peatlands may experience prominent regime shifts, such as fen to bog transitions.

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Greenhouse gas fluxes in a drained peatland forest during spring frost-thaw event

Cited by 45 publications

References 52 publications

Greenhouse gas flux measurements in a forestry-drained peatland indicate a large carbon sink

Greenhouse gas flux measurements in a forestry-drained peatland indicate a large carbon sink

Carbon dioxide flux and net primary production of a boreal treed bog: Responses to warming and water-table-lowering simulations of climate change

Lateral expansion and carbon exchange of a boreal peatland in Finland resulting in 7000 years of positive radiative forcing

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