Greenhouse gas emission savings of ground source heat pump systems in Europe: A review

Bayer, Peter; Saner, Dominik; Bolay, Stephan; Rybach, Ladislaus; Blum, Philipp

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2011.09.027

Cited by 321 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This has meant that the carbon emissions associated with electrical energy are relatively high compared with other energy sources. Consequently, although the carbon emissions reduction benefits of using geothermal heat pumps can be demonstrated, these benefits are more marginal than in some other countries [3]. A technical feature of the national electrical power distribution system is that domestic buildings have single-phase supplies that have limited ability to tolerate compressor start-up currents [4].…”

Section: The National Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

National Deployment of Domestic Geothermal Heat Pump Technology: Observations on the UK Experience 1995–2013

Rees

Curtis

2014

Energies

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Uptake of geothermal heat pump technology in the UK and corresponding development of a domestic installation industry has progressed significantly in the last decade. This paper summarizes the growth process and reviews the research that has been specifically concerned with conditions in the UK. We discuss the driving forces behind these developments and some of the supporting policy initiatives that have been implemented. Publically funded national trials were completed to assess the performance and acceptance of the technology and validate design and installation standards. We comment on both the technical and non-technical findings of the trials and the related academic research and their relevance to standards development. A number of technical issues can be identified-some of which may be particular to the UK-and we suggest a number of research and development questions that need to be addressed further. Current national support for the technology relies solely on a tariff mechanism and it is uncertain that this will be effective enough to ensure sufficient growth to meet the national renewable heat target in 2020. A broader package of support that includes mandatory measures applied to future housing development and retrofit may be necessary to ensure long-term plans for national deployment and decarbonization of heat are achieved. Industry needs to demonstrate that efficiency standards can be assured, capital costs reduced in the medium-term and that national training schemes are effective. OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2014, 7 5461

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Section: The National Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

National Deployment of Domestic Geothermal Heat Pump Technology: Observations on the UK Experience 1995–2013

Rees

Curtis

2014

Energies

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“…It has been shown that if the European market fully saturates, a 30% of carbon emission can be mitigated [4]. The amount mitigated in Europe has previously been estimate to be 3.7 Mio t CO 2 , a mere 0.74% [4]. The potential for climate change mitigation is, perhaps, marginal in this context, but should be considered when looking into energy developments in subarctic areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is specially relevant when looking into carbon emission savings. It has been shown that if the European market fully saturates, a 30% of carbon emission can be mitigated [4]. The amount mitigated in Europe has previously been estimate to be 3.7 Mio t CO 2 , a mere 0.74% [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the technological nature of heat pumps, research attention has been evident for the utilization in areas where energy access is not abundant, as the use of GSHPs, but also air source heat pumps (ASHPs), has the potential to relieve stress on surrounding energy systems [3]. In an estimate of 1.25 million, such pumps were in use in Europe alone in 2011 [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heat pumps in subarctic areas: current status and benefits of use in Iceland

Atlason

Oddsson

Unnþórsson

2017

Int J Energy Environ Eng

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Heat pumps use the temperature difference between inside and outside areas to modify a refrigerant, either for heating or cooling. Doing so can lower the need for external heating energy for a household to some extent. The eventual impact depends on various factors, such as the external source for heating or cooling and the temperature difference. The use of heat pumps, and eventual benefits has not been studied in the context of subarctic areas, such as in Iceland. In Iceland, only remote areas do not have access to district heating from geothermal energy where households may, therefore, benefit from using heat pumps. It is the intent of this study to explore the observed benefits of using heat pumps in Iceland, both financially and energetically. This study further elaborates on incentives provided by the Icelandic government. Real data were gathered from the Icelandic energy authority for the analysis. It was found for the study database of 128 households that the annual electricity use was reduced from 37.8 to 26.7 kWh (an average 29.3% reduction) after installation of heat pumps. Large pumps (9.0-14.4 kW) and small pumps (5.0-9.0 kW) saved an average of 31.4 and 26.0% (95% confidence intervals), respectively. On average, households used approximately 26 MWh after installing a heat pump. When installing a small pump (5-9 kW), the mean annual saving (and 95% confidence intervals) was 10.6 (AE2.7) MWh (approximately 26%). However, when installing a larger pump, mean annual savings were 11.3 (AE1.6) MWh (Approximately 31%).

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“…Widespread BHE application to exploit SGE could help European countries meet their commitments in terms of energy saving, renewable energy use, and carbon dioxide emissions reduction [2]. However, the current state of technology uptake in the EU varies across Member States, and significant barriers limiting investments still exist [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability Evaluation of Specific Shallow Geothermal Technologies Using a GIS-Based Multi Criteria Decision Analysis Implementing the Analytic Hierarchic Process

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The exploitation potential of shallow geothermal energy is usually defined in terms of site-specific ground thermal characteristics. While true, this assumption limits the complexity of the analysis, since feasibility studies involve many other components that must be taken into account when calculating the effective market viability of a geothermal technology or the economic value of a shallow geothermal project. In addition, the results of a feasibility study are not simply the sum of the various factors since some components may be conflicting while others will be of a qualitative nature only. Different approaches are therefore needed to evaluate the suitability of an area for shallow geothermal installation. This paper introduces a new GIS platform-based multicriteria decision analysis method aimed at comparing as many different shallow geothermal relevant factors as possible. Using the Analytic Hierarchic Process Tool, a geolocalized Suitability Index was obtained for a specific technological case: the integrated technologies developed within the GEOTeCH Project. A suitability map for the technologies in question was drawn up for Europe.

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Greenhouse gas emission savings of ground source heat pump systems in Europe: A review

Cited by 321 publications

References 38 publications

National Deployment of Domestic Geothermal Heat Pump Technology: Observations on the UK Experience 1995–2013

National Deployment of Domestic Geothermal Heat Pump Technology: Observations on the UK Experience 1995–2013

Heat pumps in subarctic areas: current status and benefits of use in Iceland

Suitability Evaluation of Specific Shallow Geothermal Technologies Using a GIS-Based Multi Criteria Decision Analysis Implementing the Analytic Hierarchic Process

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