Greenhouse gas emission benefits of vehicle lightweighting: Monte Carlo probabalistic analysis of the multi material lightweight vehicle glider

Luk, Jason M.; Kim, Hyung Chul; Kleine, Robert De; Wallington, Timothy J.; MacLean, Heather L.

doi:10.1016/j.trd.2018.02.006

Cited by 31 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…While most LCA studies of vehicle lightweighting focus on conventional vehicles ,,,− at least two have examined its combination with electrification. ,, In these, both Lewis et al and Luk et al , found that combining lightweighting and electrification provided the largest overall reduction in life cycle GHG emissions.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Heterogeneity in the Emissions Benefits of Electrified and Lightweighted Light-Duty Vehicles

Guo

Field

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Electrification and lightweighting technologies are important components of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction strategies for light-duty vehicles. Assessments of GHG emissions from light-duty vehicles should take a cradle-to-grave life cycle perspective and capture important regional effects. We report the first regionally explicit (county-level) life cycle assessment of the use of lightweighting and electrification for light-duty vehicles in the U.S. Regional differences in climate, electric grid burdens, and driving patterns compound to produce significant regional heterogeneity in the GHG benefits of electrification. We show that lightweighting further accentuates these regional differences. In fact, for the midsized cars considered in our analysis, model results suggest that aluminum lightweight vehicles with a combustion engine would have similar emissions to hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) in about 25% of the counties in the US and lower than battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in 20% of counties. The results highlight the need for a portfolio of fuel efficient offerings to recognize the heterogeneity of regional climate, electric grid burdens, and driving patterns.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Heterogeneity in the Emissions Benefits of Electrified and Lightweighted Light-Duty Vehicles

Guo

Field

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

Self Cite

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“…Studies of life cycle GHG emissions of conventional and LW versions of an internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV), a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), and a battery electric vehicle (BEV) found that the more efficient electrified powertrains (HEV and BEV) result in smaller fuel savings and GHG reductions from lightweighting than ICEVs. 157,158 FRV measures the change in fuel consumption for a reduction in mass and is a function of vehicle type and duty cycle. 9,10,22,159 Higher FRV implies a larger reduction in fuel consumption for a given change in vehicle mass.…”

Section: Environmental Science and Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Principles for Vehicle Lightweighting

Lewis

Buchanan

Jhaveri

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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A large portion of life cycle transportation impacts occur during vehicle operation, and key improvement strategies include increasing powertrain efficiency, vehicle electrification, and lightweighting vehicles by reducing their mass. The potential energy benefits of vehicle lightweighting are large, given that 29.5 EJ was used in all modes of U.S. transportation in 2016, and roughly half of the energy spent in wheeled transportation and the majority of energy spent in aircraft is used to move vehicle mass. We collect and review previous work on lightweighting, identify key parameters affecting vehicle environmental performance (e.g., vehicle mode, fuel type, material type, and recyclability), and propose a set of 10 principles, with examples, to guide environmental improvement of vehicle systems through lightweighting. These principles, based on a life cycle perspective and taken as a set, allow a wide range of stakeholders (designers, policy-makers, and vehicle manufacturers and their material and component suppliers) to evaluate the trade-offs inherent in these complex systems. This set of principles can be used to evaluate trade-offs between impact categories and to help avoid shifting of burdens to other life cycle phases in the process of improving use-phase environmental performance.

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“…The rapid development of the automotive and aviation industries has brought about a need to produce elements with relatively low mass and high mechanical strength [1][2][3]. The use of elements of high specific strength, understood as the relation of mechanical strength (N/m 2 ) to specific gravity (N/m 3 ), leads to reduced fuel consumption, and thereby also limits greenhouse gas emissions.…”

Section: Wpływ Metod Przygotowania Powierzchni Elementów Metalowych Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of methods of surface treatment of metal elements on their surface free energy, with a view to the formation of polymer-metal hybrid elements

et al. 2020

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An analysis was made of methods of chemical surface treatment of metal elements made of DC04 steel and Al6061 alloy, for the formation of polymer-metal joints in injection molding technology. The surface characterization included determination of surface free energy (SFE) by the OWRK (Owens-Wendt-Rabel-Kaelble) method, and determination of its polar and dispersive components. Depending on the chemical treatment applied, the highest values of the polar constant for DC04 and Al6061 sheets were 26.4 and 39.2 mJ/m 2 , respectively, the highest values of the dispersion constant were 55.6 and 53.5 mJ/m 2 , respectively, for DC04 and Al6061 sheets. In the case of the surfaces of sheets made of the Al6061 alloy, the increase in the polar component value was most favorably influenced by the etching with 15% NaOH solution for 5 minutes, and the increase in the dispersive component-by the etching with 15% NaOH solution with the addition of thiourea for 2 minutes. In the case of the surface of DC04 sheets, the increase of the polar component was most favorably influenced by chemical cleaning for 10 minutes (in a solution with the composition: Na 2 CO 3 50 g/mol, Na 3 PO 4 × 12 H 2 O 50 g/mol, NaOH 50 g/mol). The highest value of the dispersive component of the surface DC04 sheets was obtained after etching with 15% HCl solution with the addition of thiourea for 5 minutes.

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Greenhouse gas emission benefits of vehicle lightweighting: Monte Carlo probabalistic analysis of the multi material lightweight vehicle glider

Cited by 31 publications

References 24 publications

Regional Heterogeneity in the Emissions Benefits of Electrified and Lightweighted Light-Duty Vehicles

Regional Heterogeneity in the Emissions Benefits of Electrified and Lightweighted Light-Duty Vehicles

Green Principles for Vehicle Lightweighting

The effect of methods of surface treatment of metal elements on their surface free energy, with a view to the formation of polymer-metal hybrid elements

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