Greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions from production of compost bedding on a dairy farm

Fillingham, Melanie; VanderZaag, Andrew; Burtt, Stephen D.; Baldé, Hambaliou; Ngwabie, Ngwa Martin; Smith, Ward; Hakami, Amir; Wagner-Riddle, Claudia; Bittman, S.; Macdonald, Douglas J.

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2017.09.013

Cited by 41 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Ammonia, on the other hand, is an indirect source of N 2 O emissions after atmospheric deposition of nitrogen on surfaces (Dong et al, 2006; Pachauri and Mayer, 2015). Although a number of mitigation strategies presently exist, many require significant infrastructure (e.g., anaerobic digesters) or create possible tradeoffs through increasing one GHG in lieu of another (e.g., solid–liquid separation reduces CH 4 while increasing N 2 O emissions) (Alexander, 1977; Janzen, 2008; Fillingham et al, 2017; Guest et al, 2017). Acidification is a possible treatment option, because it can inhibit methanogenesis and also limit NH 3 volatilization (Clemens et al, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

Greenhouse Gas Mitigation through Dairy Manure Acidification

et al. 2019

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Liquid dairy manure storages are sources of methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and ammonia (NH3) emissions. Both CH4 and N2O are greenhouse gases (GHGs), whereas NH3 is an indirect source of N2O emissions. Manure acidification is a strategy used to reduce NH3 emissions from swine manure; however, limited research has expanded this strategy to reducing CH4 and N2O emissions by acidifying dairy manure. This study compared control dairy manure (pH 7.4) with two treatments of acidified manure using 70% sulfuric acid (H2SO4). These included a medium pH treatment (pH 6.5, 1.4 mL acid L−1 manure) and a low pH treatment (pH 6, 2.4 mL acid L−1 manure). Emissions were measured using replicated mesoscale manure tanks (6.6 m2) enclosed by large steady state chambers. Both CH4 and N2O were continuously measured (June–December 2017) using tunable diode laser trace gas analyzers. Ammonia emissions were measured three times weekly for 24 h using acid traps. On a CO2 equivalent basis, the medium pH treatment reduced total GHG emissions by 85%, whereas the low pH treatment reduced emissions by 88%, relative to untreated (control) manure. Total CH4 emissions were reduced by 87 and 89% from medium and low pH tanks, respectively. Ammonia emissions were reduced by 41 and 53% from medium and low pH tanks, respectively. Additional research is necessary to make acidification an accessible option for farmers by optimizing acid dosage. More research is need to describe the manure buffering capacity and emission reductions and ultimately find the best approaches for treating farm‐scale liquid dairy manure tanks. Core Ideas Acidification reduced total CO2–eq GHGs from liquid dairy manure by 85 to 88%. Total CH4 emissions were reduced by 87 to 89% from acidified manure. NH3 emissions were reduced by 41 to 53% from acidified manure. A range of yearly H2SO4 cost was estimated to be Can$6.55 to $19.6 cow−1.

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confidence: 99%

Greenhouse Gas Mitigation through Dairy Manure Acidification

et al. 2019

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“…Recently, several researches evaluated the effect of different raw material such as garden waste, green waste material, compost bedding of dairy farm and pig manure on composting process and compost quality [14][15][16][17][18]. These studies collectively demonstrated that the compost materials and combination method among them will be steadily diversified which resulted in different composting process and final compost quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-composting of chicken manure with organic wastes: characterization of gases emissions and compost quality

Hwang

Kim

et al. 2020

Appl Biol Chem

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Co-composting of organic wastes is globally recognized to be effective method to dispose two or more wastes at once and minimize drawbacks of composting such as gases emissions and nutrient reduction. In this study, pilotscale experiments were conducted to characterize the co-composting process of chicken manure with cow manure (CC), swine manure (CS), plant residues plus mushroom media (CRM), on emissions of greenhouse gas, and ammonia, compost quality, maturity and their correlations. The results showed that cumulative flux of carbon dioxide (CO 2), methane (CH 4), nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and ammonia (NH 3) widely ranged like 38,211-50,830, 172-417, 98-142 and 118-927 g kg dm −1 day −1 respectively. It indicated the importance of selection for co-composting material. The NH 3 emission was significantly increased by 4.3-7.9 times in CS and CRM, compared to OC and CC. Both of CS and CRM also showed longer thermophilic phase and later maturation were also observed in both treatments. Temperature was positively correlated with gases (P < 0.001) except CH 4 , and nitrogen content, C/N ratio and nitrate nitrogen significantly affected emission of carbon and nitrogen (P < 0.001). In conclusion, for chicken manure composting, sole chicken manure or combination with cow manure could be suitable composting method to improve compost quality and minimize gases losses.

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“…An equally important reason for the use of composting additives is to reduce ammonia emissions. Many publications show very high ammonia emissions when composting materials with a low C/N ratio [85,86]. One way to reduce this emission is to use various types of additives: materials rich in organic carbon, substances with high absorption capacity (e.g., wood bark), or biochar [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Heat Removal during Thermophilic Phase on Energetic Aspects of Biowaste Composting Process

et al. 2021

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Composting is the natural, exothermic process where the huge amount of heat that is created is an issue of organic matter decomposition. However, too high temperature can reduce the microbial activity during the thermophilic composting phase. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of heat excess removal from composted materials on the process dynamic. The experiment was performed in two parallel bioreactors. One of them was equipped with a heat removal system from the bed of the composted material. Three experiments were carried out with mixtures of different proportions: biological waste, wheat straw, and spent coffee grounds. The content of each option was determined based on a previous study of substrates to maintain the C/N ratio for the right composting process, provide adequate porosity composted material, and enable a proper degree of aeration. The study showed the possibility of receiving part of the heat from the bed of composted material during the thermophilic phase of the process without harm both to the course of composting and the quality of the final product. This shows that at a real scale, it can be possible to recover an important amount of heat from composted materials as a low-temperature heat source.

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Greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions from production of compost bedding on a dairy farm

Cited by 41 publications

References 17 publications

Greenhouse Gas Mitigation through Dairy Manure Acidification

Greenhouse Gas Mitigation through Dairy Manure Acidification

Co-composting of chicken manure with organic wastes: characterization of gases emissions and compost quality

The Effect of Heat Removal during Thermophilic Phase on Energetic Aspects of Biowaste Composting Process

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