Greener Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Characterization and Multifaceted Applications

Abstract

Nanoparticles (NPs) have unique properties compared to their bulk counterparts, and they have potentials for various applications in many fields of life science. Green-synthesized NPs have garnered considerable interest due to their inherent features such as rapidity, eco-friendliness and cost-effectiveness. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized using an aqueous extract of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana as a reducing agent. The resulting nanoparticles were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV-Vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The antimicrobial potential of the synthesized ZnO NPs against bacterial and fungal strains was examined by the disk diffusion method, and they showed a promising antibacterial and antifungal potential. The catalytic activity of the synthesized ZnO NPs in reducing methylene blue (MB) and eosin was studied via UV-Vis spectroscopy. The decolorization percentages of the MB and Eosin Y dyes were 84% and 94%, respectively, which indicate an efficient degradation of the ZnO NPs. In addition, the cytotoxic activity of the ZnO NPs on the HeLa cell line was evaluated via in vitro assay. The MTT assay results demonstrate a potent cytotoxic effect of the ZnO NPs against the HeLa cancer cell line.

Evaluation of Anti Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumonia of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Aspergillus Niger in Vitro and in Vivo

“…Zinc oxide formation was con rmed as the absorption peak (lambda max) was found near 304 nm. This result correlate with the result which reported by Aldalbahi 17 , who was observed the maximum peaks of ZnO NPs at 300 and 359 nm. The results of UV-Vis were con rmed the present of ZnO-NPs.…”

Chemically and Green Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Alter Key Immunological Molecules in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Skin Mucus

“…Recent research recommends the safe use of green synthesized nanoparticles as they contain many bioactive molecules such as polyphenols, enzymes, esters, polysaccharides, and terpenoids). In addition, plant leaf extracts could act as stabilizing and reducing agents in the biosynthesis processes of nanoparticles [ 33 , 62 ].…”

“…This result corroborated recent studies demonstrating that the commercial type of ZnO-NPs shows higher toxic effects likely because of their ability to release Zn ions, and cause cell apoptosis [ 72 , 73 ]. Moreover, a comparison of commercial and green synthesized ZnO-NPs has revealed the efficiency of the green synthesized NPs [ 74 ] which could be attributed to the presence of bioactive molecules [ 33 , 62 ]. Similar findings were recorded for the toxicity of commercial ZnO-NPs that significantly decreased ALP in common carp post-exposure [ 75 ].…”

“…Another recent review recommends the potential use of the green synthesized ZnO-NPs as growth promotors, also, to increase resistance against viral infection [ 28 ]. Furthermore, ZnO-NPs have been found to exert cytotoxic activity against cancer cells in addition to their promising antimicrobial activity [ 33 ]. The information regarding the toxicity of green synthesized NPs on fish skin mucus is scarcer.…”

Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Acacia nilotica (L.) Extract to Overcome Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae

“…These organisms now constitute a high risk regarding antibiotic resistance in the United States, according to a report by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2013 [ 3 ]. Carbapenem antibiotics are used as a last resort to treat high-risk Gram-negative bacteria, a significant resistance source [ 4 ].…”