Greener Route for Synthesis of aryl and alkyl-14H-dibenzo [a.j] xanthenes using Graphene Oxide-Copper Ferrite Nanocomposite as a Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst

Abstract

A facile, efficient and environmentally-friendly protocol for the synthesis of xanthenes by graphene oxide based nanocomposite (GO-CuFe2O4) has been developed by one-pot condensation route. The nanocomposite was designed by decorating copper ferrite nanoparticles on graphene oxide (GO) surface via a solution combustion route without the use of template. The as-synthesized GO-CuFe2O4 composite was comprehensively characterized by XRD, FTIR, Raman, SEM, EDX, HRTEM with EDS mapping, XPS, N2 adsorption-desorption and ICP-OES techniques. This nanocomposite was then used in an operationally simple, cost effective, efficient and environmentally benign synthesis of 14H-dibenzo xanthene under solvent free condition. The present approach offers several advantages such as short reaction times, high yields, easy purification, a cleaner reaction, ease of recovery and reusability of the catalyst by a magnetic field. Based upon various controlled reaction results, a possible mechanism for xanthene synthesis over GO-CuFe2O4 catalyst was proposed. The superior catalytic activity of the GO-CuFe2O4 nanocomposite can be attributed to the synergistic interaction between GO and CuFe2O4 nanoparticles, high surface area and presence of small sized CuFe2O4 NPs. This versatile GO-CuFe2O4 nanocomposite synthesized via combustion method holds great promise for applications in wide range of industrially important catalytic reactions.

Facile fabrication of bimetallic Fe–Mg MOF for the synthesis of xanthenes and removal of heavy metal ions

“…Previously reported synthesis of pharmaceutically 14-aryl-14-Hdibenzo [a,j]xanthenes compared with our catalysts showed that the efficiency of Fe-Mg MOF was so higher than that of several reported catalysts e.g. nano-ZnAl 2 O 4 , 52 acid activated clay in Kerman Province, 53 graphene oxide-copper ferrite nanocomposite, 54 palladium nanoparticles supported on amino-functionalized MOFs and zinc oxide nanoparticles. 55 The comparison study not only depended on the percentage yield of the desired product but also the condition required optimizing the reaction.…”

Femtosecond nonlinear absorption and optical limiting action in nanoplatelet CuFe2O4-decorated rGO nanocomposites

“…Recorded XPS patterns of pristine and decorated GO are illustrated in Fig. 1a [42,43]. X-ray diffraction patterns were recorded to confirm the formation of the support as well as the composite, and data are shown in Fig.…”

Highly Efficient Synthesis of 1-Thioamidoalkyl-2-naphthols and 14-Aryl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes using a Novel Ionic Liquid: Catalyst Preparation, Characterization and Performing the Reactions

“…A mixture of arylaldehyde (1 mmol), 2-naphthol (2 mmol) and [TEASA][TFA] (0.044 g, 0.15 mmol) was initially stirred by a magnet at 100 °C, and after the reaction was solidified, it was stirred with a small rod at that temperature. After the reaction was completed {as monitored by TLC) n-hexane/ethyl acetate: 3/1)} , the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and the solid residue (crude product) was purified by recrystallization from hot ethanol (95%) [8,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40].…”

“…Moreover, these compounds can be applied as pHsensitive fluorescent materials for visualization of biomolecules, as sensitizers in photodynamic therapy, and in laser technology [29][30][31]. The general method for synthesis of 14-aryl-14Hdibenzo [a,j]xanthenes, as a significant class of xanthenes, involves the reaction of arylaldehydes with 2-naphthol in the presence of a catalyst [8,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40].…”