Green synthesis of ZnO dopped Piper chaudocanum leaf extract by co-precipitation method: characterization, antibacterial and anticancer activity

Abstract

In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized from Piper chaudocanum leaf extract by co-precipitation method with different processes and extract volumes. Biosynthesized ZnO NPs were characterized by various techniques including XRD, FTIR, FESEM, PL test, UV-Vis DRS, and compared to chemically synthesized ZnO NPs. Most of the ZnO NPs samples were pure and had a hexagonal wurtzite phase. The particle sizes were about 22 to 40 nm and had a characteristic part of the Piper chaudocanum extract on the surface of ZnO NPs. The particle sizes, surface features and optical properties of samples depend on the order of the reaction steps and the extract volumes. The ZnO NPs synthesized by adding the extract to zinc acetate solution before adjusting pH were potent antimicrobial agents against pathogenic bacteria. The highest antibacterial activity was observed against P. aeruginosa (42 nm) and S. aureus (39 nm). Moreover, these ZnO NPs were moderately effective on KB cells with the IC50 value of 43.53 ± 2.98 µg/mL.