Green synthesis of magnetic MOF@GO and MOF@CNT hybrid nanocomposites with high adsorption capacity towards organic pollutants

Abstract

Hybrid nanocomposites based on Cu-BTC MOF, graphene oxide (GO), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were developed via a simple green solvothermal method, at which GO and CNT were used as platforms to load nanostructured Cu-BTC MOF and Fe3O4 MNPs. The as-synthesized hybrid nanocomposites were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, IR, Raman, TGA, and BET techniques. XRD measurements show highly crystalline structures for the prepared hybrid nanocomposites. Morphological analyses carried out by SEM and TEM also confirm successful growth of Fe3O4 MNPs and nanoparticulate Cu-BTC MOF over the carbon-based platforms. Chemical, elemental, and TGA analyses verify chemical bonding and successful compositing of the parent materials. Nitrogen isotherms show a cumulative pore volume of 0.360 cm 3 g-1 for the hybrid nanocomposite of Fe3O4/Cu-BTC@GO compared to 0.030 cm 3 g-1 of the sole Cu-BTC MOF, which suggests potential uses towards small molecule adsorption. We have found that use of GO and CNT substrates (i) diminish the aggregation and increases dispersive forces within the MOFs, (ii) lead to MOFs with different morphology and size, and (iii) result in formation of small pores between the MOF and the platforms. Adsorption capacity of the prepared nanomaterials was examined over methylene blue (MB) as a model organic pollutant. The developed hybrid nanomaterials show enhanced pollutant adsorption capacity compared to that of the parent materials. The improved adsorption capacity is attributed to the synergetic effect of covalent bonding between the parent materials as well as to the unique features of the nanoscale MOF. Overall, these novel materials may be considered as excellent candidates towards a variety of environmental applications such as water remediation.

Facile synthesis of magnetic zinc metal‐organic framework for extraction of nitrogen‐containing heterocyclic fungicides from lettuce vegetable samples

“…The reason might be that the –OH and –COOH groups of GO give M‐IRMOF increased H‐bonding abilities and π‐π conjugation. Increased interaction between the MOF and nitrogen‐containing heterocyclic fungicides would therefore increase the adsorption capacity . This further supports the hypothesis that the main adsorption mechanism is H‐bonding and π‐π conjugation .…”

Synthesis of graphene oxide/metal–organic frameworks hybrid materials for enhanced removal of Methylene blue in acidic and alkaline solutions

“…It can be seen that the diffraction patterns of the GO/MOF composites are basically consistent with that of the parent materials, indicating that the existence of GO does not disturb the formation of MOFs and the composites preserve the structure of Ni‐MOFs. In addition, it is interesting to notice that the intensity of peaks in the composites decreases with increasing content of GO, and this can be attributed to the additional constraints of GO on the degrees of freedom and growth of Ni‐MOF crystals during the synthesis process . Figure (c) shows the FTIR spectra of Ni‐MOFs and 6% GO/MOFs.…”

A Review on the Synergistic Features of Hexagonal Boron Nitride (White Graphene) as Adsorbent‐Photo Active Nanomaterial

“…Though they are of varied chemical nature but have similarities on detrimental effects posed to the surrounding. Over the decades various class of metal oxide, mesoporous silica (SBA‐15, MCM‐41),, carbonaceous (graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), carbon nanotubes (CNT)), layered double hydroxides (LDHs), metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and porous hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) based advanced nano adsorbents have been developed for the removal of the same. Off‐late, white graphene has attracted considerable attention from the scientific community towards adsorption‐based removal, owing to its highly porous structure which accounts for its unusually high surface area, pore volume and “special multimodal microporous/mesoporous structure” and diverse nano architectural morphologies .…”