Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles for reducing the damage to sperm parameters in diabetic compared to metformin

Abstract

The present study used physics to synthesize silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of fresh garlic as reducing and as a stabilizing agent silver nitrate solution. This method has proven to be environmentally friendly and safe for the synthesis of stable silver nanoparticles. The acquisition of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by optical detection, that is, by changing the color of the liquid to transparent orange and then blackish brown. Then, the characterization was confirmed using other assays. In this study, it was found that the absorption peak of silver nanoparticles was at a wavelength of 420 nm and the particle size ranged between [50–350] nm. The surface roughness of silver oxide/silver nanoparticles was 9.32 nm with an average square roughness of 21.19 nm, and the energy dispersive spectra showed that the absorption peak was in the region of 3 keV, indicating that the nanoparticles contained crystalline silver. In this study, the stability of the silver nanoparticles was good, as ZP reached (− 19.5). The results confirm that the conductivity increases with the increase in frequency due to the high energy of the photons, which causes the electrons to vibrate in the energy levels and thus increase the energy in the mitochondria and increase the movement of sperm in the Diabetic mice treated with doses of silver nanoparticles. The toxic effect of silver nanoparticles has been evaluated in other studies, in addition to evaluating antioxidants, antifungals, treating cancer cells, regulating cholesterol levels, the effect of these nanoparticles on sex cells in pregnant female mice, heart tension, and many other tests. In this study, the activities and efficacy of silver nanoparticles on sperms were determined in male mice with diabetes caused by STZ, and the treatment period was long (35 days) so that the evaluation period was a complete life cycle of male sex cells and within a long period of time and at an average nano size. This has not been studied in other previous studies. The results indicate that the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using garlic plant led to positive results on sperm treatments by contributing to an increase in the number of sperm with reactivation and a decrease in abnormalities in addition to a decrease in mortality due to diabetes. This is evidence that the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using garlic plant size (50–350 nm) can treat impotence and be used in the future in the treatment of many diseases without side effects.

Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from Arum dioscoridis plant leaf aqueous extract: anticancer and antimicrobial properties

“…The EDX spectrum of AD-AgNPs verified the incidence of sharp spectral signals at nearly 3 keV for the absorption of nanocrystals in the silver area owing to surface plasmon resonance (Figure 2). This characteristic peak (3 keV) is consistent with the results of many studies with different plants (Hatipoğlu, 2022b;Ali et al, 2023;Baran et al, 2023). Other absorption peaks that emerged were due to phytochemicals in A. dioscoridis leaf extract.…”

Biogenic synthesis, characterization, and in vitro biological investigation of silver oxide nanoparticles (AgONPs) using Rhynchosia capitata

“…This established grid was used to measure the dimensions and shape of the RC@AgONPs under a scanning electron microscope. Figure 4 A displays SEM images of AgONPs produced by R. capitata and demonstrates that the produced NPs have a round spherical shape 31 , 35 , 39 .

Figure 4 ( A ) SEM review of biogenic R .

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“…Various substances, including flavonoids, isoflavonoids, biphenyls, flavan-3-ols, xanthones, simple polyphenols, and sterols, have thus far been identified from the genus Rhynchosia 29 . These chemicals play a crucial role in stabilizing NPs by adhering to metal ion surfaces 36 , 39 , 40 . They can be found in the R. capitata aqueous extract.…”

Comprehensive antifungal investigation of green synthesized silver nanoformulation against four agriculturally significant fungi and its cytotoxic applications

“…X-ray diffraction elucidates the atomic arrangement, lattice parameters, and crystal size of the synthesized AgNPs 86 . The XRD pattern showed four peaks of varying intensities for the synthesized AgNPs.…”