Green routes to silicon-based materials and their environmental implications

Furgal, Joseph C.; Lenora, Chamika U.

doi:10.1515/psr-2019-0024

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 128 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Silicon also enters commercial products through the intermediacy of the elemental form, the production of which is analogous to the thermal process for obtaining white phosphorus. Industrially important silicon-containing polymers can be produced from chlorosilanes such as SiCl 4 , and so the same arguments around redox-neutral processing can be made for both silicon and phosphorus …”

Section: Lessons From Group 14mentioning

confidence: 99%

Let’s Make White Phosphorus Obsolete

Geeson

Cummins

2020

ACS Cent. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Industrial and laboratory methods for incorporating phosphorus atoms into molecules within the framework of Green Chemistry are in their infancy. Current practice requires large inputs of energy, involves toxic intermediates, and generates substantial waste. Furthermore, a negligible fraction of phosphorus-containing waste is recycled which in turn contributes to negative environmental impacts, such as eutrophication. Methods that begin to address some of these drawbacks are reviewed, and some key opportunities to be realized by pursuing organophosphorus chemistry under the principles of Green Chemistry are highlighted. Methods used by nature, or in the chemistry of other elements such as silicon, are discussed as model processes for the future of phosphorus in chemical synthesis.

show abstract

Section: Lessons From Group 14mentioning

confidence: 99%

Let’s Make White Phosphorus Obsolete

Geeson

Cummins

2020

ACS Cent. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Dimethylpolysiloxanes are mainly produced in the industry from sand treated at high temperatures [27]. This processed inorganic silicon powder could also be added as an antifoaming agent, but its insolubility and difficult dispersion in food prevents its widespread use.…”

Section: Chemical Characterization Of Silicon Compounds Food Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considerations on the Analysis of E-900 Food Additive: An NMR Perspective

Palacios-Jordan

Jané-Brunet

et al. 2022

Foods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Food additives are in widespread use in the food industry to extend the shelf life of food, improve its organoleptic characteristics or facilitate industrial processing. Their use is not without controversy, which makes regulation and control crucial for food safety and public health. Among food additives, silicone-based antifoaming agents (polysiloxanes or E900) are difficult to analyze and quantify due to their polymeric nature. Currently, there is no official method of quantifying this additive in foods. In this context, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a quantitative method for speciation analysis of silicon compounds almost without known interferents. In this work, we describe the evolution of the regulation of the E900 additive, discuss different analytic methods quantifying polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS), and propose a new method based on NMR suitable for analyzing the content of E900 in the form of PDMS in various types of food from dietary oils to marmalades and jellies, among others. The proposed method consists of a previous quantitative concentration of PDMS by liquid–liquid extraction and the monitoring of the quantification using a bis(trimethylsilyl)benzene (BTMSB) standard to control the variability, ranging within 2–7%, depending on the food. This simple, direct, and reproducible procedure for aqueous and lipidic foods may help to monitor and fill a gap in regulatory legislation regarding the E900 additive.

show abstract

“…[43,45] Additionally, these cages are environmentally friendly since they can be derived from agricultural waste such as rice hull ash. [66,67] Note that there was no specific design intent to embed molecular order in these systems using the bulk synthetic methods described herein and any network ordering is achieved by coincidence. The overall simplicity of the synthetic method makes it highly attractive for large scale synthesis, since little processing to adjust network structure is undertaken beyond initial synthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoreversible Loading and Unloading of Q–Silsesquioxane Dynamic Network Sponges

Furgal

2021

Adv Funct Materials

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The synthesis and mechanical properties of photoswitchable silsesquioxane/azobenzene hybrid 3D‐polymers (“dynamic sponges”) are presented and discussed. The hybrid is capable of extensive macroscopic movement, and overcomes previously problematic crosslink locking issues. A hydride‐functionalized Q‐type silsesquioxane (Q8M8H) is reacted with di‐allyloxyazobenzene using hydrosilylation methods. The properties of the resulting materials are controlled via careful choice of starting material ratios and solvent, leading to gels or films. Both morphologies show pronounced photoresponsive behavior in and on the surfaces of different solvents. Photoactuation is tracked by microscopy, dynamic mechanic analysis, and UV–vis spectroscopy. The gel system has a porous structure similar to a sponge. It undergoes shrinkage in volume by 18.3% in toluene under UV irradiation, and shows excellent recovery to the swollen state after irradiation with visible light. These novel photodynamic materials offer reversible modulus switching from 160 kPa in the swollen state to 500 kPa in the “wrung‐out” sponge. The sponges can engage in uptake and release of a range of substances (i.e., reversible hydrophobic sponging), with overall performance determined by solvent specific quantities such as polarity and size. Such behavior gives these materials high potential for soft robotics applications and great promise as reusable environmental remediators.

show abstract

Green routes to silicon-based materials and their environmental implications

Cited by 24 publications

References 128 publications

Let’s Make White Phosphorus Obsolete

Let’s Make White Phosphorus Obsolete

Considerations on the Analysis of E-900 Food Additive: An NMR Perspective

Photoreversible Loading and Unloading of Q–Silsesquioxane Dynamic Network Sponges

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About