Green Routes for Graphene Oxide Reduction and Self- Assembled Graphene Oxide Micro- and Nanostructures Production

Abstract

Graphene-derived materials are currently studied because of their actual and projected applications. Among them, graphene oxide (GO) promises for outstanding applications as it can be prepared at large scale by simple, scalable, and low-cost techniques. The existent chemical methods based on the graphite exfoliation (phase solution and Hummers based) produce highly functionalized graphene, i.e., GO-like materials that converts into reduced GO (rGO) after a reduction treatment. The present work presents the current scenario on the GO green reduction methods, on the development of hierarchical carbon-based structures by the self-assembly of GO sheets at interfaces, and on rGObased hybrid nanocomposites. It is worth noting that, to date, the production and application of graphene-related materials are the fastest-growing research areas.

Recent advances in carbon-based materials for high-performance perovskite solar cells: gaps, challenges and fulfillment

“…Because of the toxic nature of these reducing agents, green reducing agents are highly desirable, and therefore used in recent years, as reported in the literature. 56–58 Some of the green reducing agents reported in previous years include uric acid, 59 ascorbic acid, 60 tea leaf extract, 61 Annona squamosa leaf extract, 62 Melissa officinalis extract, 63 Lycium barbarum extract 64 and caffeic acid. 65 Thus, all the routes in the category of the top-down approach show a promising way for the production of high-quality graphene sheets.…”