Green roof storage capacity can be more important than evapotranspiration for retention performance

Zhang, Zheng; Szota, Christopher; Fletcher, Tim D.; Williams, Nicholas S.G.; Farrell, Claire

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.070

Cited by 44 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Under small storms, the role of plants of different water use strategies in the initial capture will be minimal if the substrate has the capacity to retain the storm. However, it is important to also consider the root system of the plants, particularly high water use strategy plants, which may create preferential flow paths in the substrate resulting in a counterintuitive decreased retention under big storms when compared to nonvegetated and low water use strategy plants (Zhang, Szota, Szota, Fletcher, Williams, & Farrell, 2019). Current ET models are mostly from agriculture applications and can struggle to capture the complex interactions between the vegetation, soil, and climate of a green roof.…”

Section: Field Laboratory and Modeling Hydrologic Performance Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban stormwater characterization, control, and treatment

Rodak

Jayakaran

Moore

et al. 2020

Water Environment Research

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This review summarizes over 280 studies published in 2019 related to the characterization, control, and management of urban stormwater runoff. A summary of quantity and quality concerns is provided in the first section of the review, serving as the foundation for the following sections which focus on the control and treatment of stormwater runoff. Finally, the impact of stormwater control devices at the watershed scale is discussed. Each section provides a self-contained overview of the 2019 literature, common themes, and future work. Several themes emerged from the 2019 literature including exploration of substrate amendments for improved water quality effluent from stormwater controls, the continued study of the role of vegetation in green infrastructure practices, and a call to action for the development of new models which generate reliable, computationally efficient results under the physical, chemical, biological, and social complexity of stormwater management. © 2020 Water Environment Federation • Practitioner points • Over 280 studies were published in 2019 related to the characterization, control, and treatment of urban stormwater. • Studies on bioretention and general stormwater characteristics represented the two most common subtopics in 2019. • Trends in 2019 included novel substrate amendments, studies on the role of vegetation, and advancements in computational models.

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Section: Field Laboratory and Modeling Hydrologic Performance Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban stormwater characterization, control, and treatment

Rodak

Jayakaran

Moore

et al. 2020

Water Environment Research

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“…System features including the porosity of the substrate, substrate composition, and substrate depth have been found to significantly influence evapotranspiration as well as the choice of the plant palette and the transpirational characteristics of the specific plants in the system (Farrell et al 2013;Morgan et al 2013;Nagase and Dunnett 2011;Richter et al 2009;Szota et al 2017;Wolf and Lundholm 2008). In many research experiments evaluating the stormwater retention of green roof systems, unplanted substrate systems have been shown to have significant average stormwater retention values (Morgan et al 2013;Zhang et al 2019) even though these unplanted systems do not provide additional ecosystem services as would be provided in living systems (e.g., biodiversity benefits).…”

Section: Stormwater Retention and Quality Stormwater Retentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Roof Research in North America: A Recent History and Future Strategies

Bousselot¹,

Russell²,

Tolderlund³

et al. 2020

JLIV

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Since the year 2000, green roof and living architecture research has progressed significantly in North America. For future growth in the implementation of living architecture, there is still a great need for additional and expanded research on green roofs and as yet undefined innovative J. of Living Arch 7(1) Feature 28 green infrastructure. This paper provides an overview of priority topics that have been critical to past success in green roofs, and those that are promising but need future investment, including urban heat island (UHI), energy savings, stormwater (quantity and quality), substrates, carbon budgets, plants, biodiversity, ecomimicry, biodispersal, long-term dynamics, urban food production, synergy with solar panels and financing green solutions.

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“…The reduction of substrate water storage capacity has also been suggested to be due to plant roots. For larger events (>25 mm), it has been shown that some plant species (S. glauca) had (36%) lower retention than unplanted modules or low-water using succulent species (S. pachyphyllum), even though these species would have higher ET rates [29]. The root structure of these plants potentially results in a greater number of macropores and sub-surface channels causing uneven and rapid water movement through unsaturated parts of the substrate.…”

Section: Observed Stormwater Retention Under Natural Rainfallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stormwater Retention and Reuse at the Residential Plot Level—Green Roof Experiment and Water Balance Computations for Long-Term Use in Cyprus

Charalambous

Bruggeman

Eliades

et al. 2019

Water

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Green roofs can provide various benefits to urban areas, including stormwater retention. However, semi-arid regions are a challenging environment for green roofs as long dry weather periods are met with short but intense rainfall events. This requires green roofs to retain maximum volumes of stormwater, while being tolerant to minimal irrigation supplies. The objectives of this study are (i) to quantify the stormwater retention of two substrate mixtures with two plant species under natural rainfall; (ii) to assess the performance of two plant species under two levels of deficit irrigation; and (iii) to compute stormwater runoff reduction and reuse by green roofs and rooftop water harvesting systems for three standard residential plot types in urban Nicosia, Cyprus. A rooftop experiment was carried out between February 2016 and April 2017 and results were used to compute long-term performance. Average stormwater retention of the 16 test beds was 77% of the 371-mm rainfall. A survival rate of 88% was recorded for Euphorbia veneris and 20% for Frankenia laevis, for a 30% evapotranspiration irrigation treatment. A combination of a green roof, rainwater harvesting system and 20-m3 tank for irrigation and indoor greywater use reduced stormwater runoff by 47–53%, for the 30-year water balance computations.

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Green roof storage capacity can be more important than evapotranspiration for retention performance

Cited by 44 publications

References 68 publications

Urban stormwater characterization, control, and treatment

Urban stormwater characterization, control, and treatment

Green Roof Research in North America: A Recent History and Future Strategies

Stormwater Retention and Reuse at the Residential Plot Level—Green Roof Experiment and Water Balance Computations for Long-Term Use in Cyprus

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