Green roof and green wall benefits and costs: A review of the quantitative evidence

Manso, Maria; Teotónio, Inês; Silva, Cristina Matos; Cruz, Carlos Oliveira

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2020.110111

Cited by 261 publications

(182 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…For comparison, the current expenditure for residential cooling in summer can be assumed to be 78 billion Є year −1 , based on an electricity use of 391 TWh 51 . Therefore, the cooling energy saving is 23.5% (18.4 billion Є/78 billion Є), in agreement with the results of Manso et al 15 for the value of 15% estimated for the hot-summer Mediterranean climate.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…An annual cost of 60 Є/year per urban citizen may be in many cases compensated by the additional benefits not quantified here. For example, the average increase of property value (rental prices) was estimated to be 8% 15 . Other benefits can be associated e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While green roofs have been used for centuries, they are now reviving under the current climate and urbanization trends 15 . Essentially, they harvest “blue” rainwater and make it available for evapotranspiration (turning it into “green water”, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water, energy and climate benefits of urban greening throughout Europe under different climatic scenarios

Quaranta

Dorati

Pistocchi

2021

Sci Rep

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Urban greening is an effective mitigation option for climate change in urban areas. In this contribution, a European Union (EU)-wide assessment is presented to quantify the benefits of urban greening in terms of availability of green water, reduction of cooling costs and CO2 sequestration from the atmosphere, for different climatic scenarios. Results show that greening of 35% of the EU’s urban surface (i.e. more than 26,000 km2) would avoid up to 55.8 Mtons year−1 CO2 equivalent of greenhouse gas emissions, reducing energy demand for the cooling of buildings in summer by up to 92 TWh per year, with a net present value (NPV) of more than 364 billion Euro. It would also transpire about 10 km3 year−1 of rain water, turning into “green” water about 17.5% of the “blue” water that is now urban runoff, helping reduce pollution of the receiving water bodies and urban flooding. The greening of urban surfaces would decrease their summer temperature by 2.5–6 °C, with a mitigation of the urban heat island effect estimated to have a NPV of 221 billion Euro over a period of 40 years. The monetized benefits cover less than half of the estimated costs of greening, having a NPV of 1323 billion Euro on the same period. Net of the monetized benefits, the cost of greening 26,000 km2 of urban surfaces in Europe is estimated around 60 Euro year−1 per European urban resident. The additional benefits of urban greening related to biodiversity, water quality, health, wellbeing and other aspects, although not monetized in this study, might be worth such extra cost. When this is the case, urban greening represents a multifunctional, no-regret, cost-effective solution.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water, energy and climate benefits of urban greening throughout Europe under different climatic scenarios

Quaranta

Dorati

Pistocchi

2021

Sci Rep

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“…Reduction in traffic (and in other polluting activities such as industry) due to the COVID-19 crisis led to a sharp drop in pollutants including and particulates such as NOx, NO2 and PM2.5 and PM10 during lockdown (Vincendon, 2020 [55]) (University of Melbourne, 2020 [56]) (Mahato, Pal and Ghosh, 2020 [57]). For instance, NO2 levels in China during January and February 2020 were between 10-30% lower than those experienced over the same period in 2019 (Earth Observatory, 2020 [58]).…”

Section: Using the Recovery To Accelerate The Decarbonisation Of Surfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2020 [57]). Any shift away from private, car-based mobility systems could contribute to making this improvement permanent, rather than having air quality deteriorate rapidly towards pre-confinement levels, as is already the case in many places (Vincendon, 2020[55]) (EEB, 2020 [59]).…”

Section: Using the Recovery To Accelerate The Decarbonisation Of Surfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing the COVID-19 and climate crises

Buckle

Jaber

Rocha

et al. 2020

OECD/IEA Climate Change Expert Group Papers

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Outdoor Green Walls: Multi-perspective Methodology for Assessing Urban Sites Based on Socio-environmental Aspects

Agnolio

Molari²,

Dominici³

et al. 2022

Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems

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Green roof and green wall benefits and costs: A review of the quantitative evidence

Cited by 261 publications

References 151 publications

Water, energy and climate benefits of urban greening throughout Europe under different climatic scenarios

Water, energy and climate benefits of urban greening throughout Europe under different climatic scenarios

Addressing the COVID-19 and climate crises

Outdoor Green Walls: Multi-perspective Methodology for Assessing Urban Sites Based on Socio-environmental Aspects

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