Green, rapid, and highly efficient syntheses of α,α′‐bis[(aryl or allyl)idene]cycloalkanones and 2‐[(aryl or allyl)idene]‐1‐indanones as potentially biologic compounds via solvent‐free microwave‐assisted Claisen–Schmidt condensation catalyzed by MoCl₅

Abstract

Green, rapid, and highly efficient syntheses of α,α 0 -bis [(aryl or allyl)idene]cycloalkanones and 2-[(aryl or allyl)idene]-1-indanones as potentially biologic compounds via solvent-free microwave-assisted Claisen-Schmidt condensation catalyzed by MoCl 5 Abstract A new, green, and highly efficient protocol for the expeditious preparation of some α,α 0 -bis[(aryl or allyl)idene]cycloalkanones and 2-[(aryl or allyl)idene]-1-indanones via a simple microwave-assisted Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction catalyzed by MoCl 5 was successfully developed. Outstanding features of the current methodology include the use of solvent-free conditions, simple operation, use of a very inexpensive and available catalyst, low catalyst loading, short reaction times, high yields of the pure products, no harmful by-products, easy workup, and also the applicability of microwave irradiation as a clean source of energy. Furthermore, a gram-scale reaction was successfully conducted, proving the scalability of this current Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction. K E Y W O R D S

The Discovery of Benzylidene‐Indenone as Selective Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitor with Choline Acetyltransferase Gene and Neurite Promoting Abilities

“…These two moieties were identified as the crucial interaction in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition [20,25] . The indanone moiety is also been studied as a drug moiety against other targets such as anti‐inflammatory, [26] other neurodegenerative/ neuroinflammation pathways, [27] and anti‐cancer properties [28] …”

“…[20,25] The indanone moiety is also been studied as a drug moiety against other targets such as anti-inflammatory, [26] other neurodegenerative/ neuroinflammation pathways, [27] and anti-cancer properties. [28] Although naturally existing phenolic compounds such as coumaric acid, caffeic acid, and sinapic acid in dietary supplements were studied to be beneficial to AD, [29][30][31][32] the studies of the possible synergism activity of phenolic moiety and existing drug fragment as an MTDL are still limited. [26][27][28] This study investigates the potential anti-AD MTDL of hybrids consisting of a donepezil fragment and phenolic compounds.…”

In‐Vitro Investigation of the α‐Amylase Inhibition Activity of Bare Bis‐Benzylidene‐Cyclohexanone Synthesized by a Highly Selective Solvent‐Free Route

“…The compound, α α'‐bis‐(benzylidene) cyclohexanone is a widely used versatile pharmacophore [28] . The compound mentioned has been applied successfully for cytotoxicity studies, [29] cholesterol‐lowering, [30] HIV‐1 integrates inhibition, [31] cancer chemoprevention [32] and as antioxidant [33] . Also, some recent studies revealed the drug resistance reversal capability of bis‐benzylidene cyclohexanones [34,35] .…”

“…[28] The compound mentioned has been applied successfully for cytotoxicity studies, [29] cholesterol-lowering, [30] HIV-1 integrates inhibition, [31] cancer chemoprevention [32] and as antioxidant. [33] Also, some recent studies revealed the drug resistance reversal capability of bis-benzylidene cyclohexanones. [34,35] The potential of the compound has been extended to use as precursors to potentially bioactive pyrimidine derivatives, [36] bis-spiro pyrrolidines with antimicrobial and antifungal properties, [37] liquid-crystalline polymers, and so on.…”

Green and Highly Efficient Strategies for the Straightforward Reduction of Carboxylic Acids to Alcohols Using Four Different and Affordable Types of Hydrogen Donors

“…In continuation of our research program and because of consideration of all the points mentioned, herein we wish to report various environmentally benign, simple, and highly efficient strategies for the straightforward reduction of carboxylic acids to corresponding alcohols by employing four different types of cost-effective hydrogen donors namely sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ), ammonium formate (HCO 2 NH 4 ), glycerol, and isopropanol ( i -PrOH) in the presence of Fe 3 O 4 @APTMS@ZrCp 2 Cl x ( x = 0, 1, 2) as a robust and durable magnetically nanocatalyst under neat conditions (Scheme ). It is worthwhile to note that to the best of our knowledge use of HCO 2 NH 4 and glycerol as a hydrogen donor (reducing agent) for the reduction of carboxylic acids to alcohols is reported for the first time.…”