Green Propolis Compounds (Baccharin and p-Coumaric Acid) Show Beneficial Effects in Mice for Melanoma Induced by B16f10

Abstract

Background: Cutaneous melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, with the worst prognosis, and it affects a younger population than most cancers. The high metastatic index, in more advanced stages, and the high aggressiveness decrease the effectiveness of currently used therapies, such as surgical removal, radiotherapy, cryotherapy, and chemotherapy, used alone or in combination. Based on these disadvantages, research focused on alternative medicine offers great potential for therapeutic innovation. Medicinal plants represent a remarkable source of compounds for the treatment of various diseases. Methods: In this study, we investigated the tumoral behavior of melanoma under treatment with the compounds baccarin and p-coumaric acid, extracted from green propolis, in mice inoculated with B16F10 cells for 26 days. Results: A significant modulation in the number of inflammatory cells recruited to the tumor region and blood in the groups treated with the compounds was observed. In addition, a significant reduction in the amount of blood vessels and mitosis in the neoplastic area was noticed. Conclusions: Through our research, we confirmed that baccarin and coumaric acid, isolated substances from Brazilian green propolis, have a promising anticarcinogenic potential to be explored for the development of new antitumor agents, adhering to the trend of drugs with greater tolerance and biological effectiveness.

Portuguese Propolis Antitumoral Activity in Melanoma Involves ROS Production and Induction of Apoptosis

“…Despite all the advances and research in melanoma treatment, finding effective therapies remains a challenge. The current therapeutic dilemma is caused by acquired resistance and the side effects of traditional medicines [ 18 ]. Due to the drawbacks of standard treatments, natural products, such as propolis or its isolated compounds, have the potential to be added to the therapeutic arsenal of cancer [ 7 , 18 ].…”

“…The current therapeutic dilemma is caused by acquired resistance and the side effects of traditional medicines [ 18 ]. Due to the drawbacks of standard treatments, natural products, such as propolis or its isolated compounds, have the potential to be added to the therapeutic arsenal of cancer [ 7 , 18 ]. Propolis antitumor bioactivity has been described in some types of cancer, including skin cancer.…”

“…Regarding all this evidence, research focused on alternative medicines, such as phytochemicals from plants and natural extracts, which offer great potential for therapeutic innovation. In fact, a high number of natural compounds have demonstrated immunomodulatory and anticancer activity, creating favorable conditions for the development of novel treatments [ 7 , 18 ].…”

Potential of Kalanchoe pinnata as a Cancer Treatment Adjuvant and an Epigenetic Regulator

“…In an induced model of colon carcinogenesis, it was shown that p -CA reduced preneoplastic changes and stimulated apoptosis [ 60 ]. Gastaldello et al [ 61 ] reported a reduction in angiogenesis and the presence of intratumoral neutrophils in rats inoculated with B16F10 melanoma cells.…”

Inhibition of Tumor Growth and Modulation of Antioxidant Activity of Rhodoxanthin Isolated from Taxus baccata Aril against B16F10 Murine Malignant Melanoma

“…Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer, with the worst prognosis, and it affects a younger population than most cancers [ 1 ]. René Laënnac first characterized cutaneous malignant melanoma in 1806, proving an etiology that originates from the alteration and uncontrolled development of melanocytes which resists the most conventional remedies, resulting in a growing public health problem [ 2 , 3 ].…”