Green Polymerization of Hexadecamethylcyclooctasiloxane Using an Algerian Proton Exchanged Clay Called Maghnite-H+

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to synthesize polydimethylsiloxanes by heterogeneous catalysis, based on the polymerization of the hexadecamethylcyclooctasiloxane (D8) by an environment-friendly solid catalyst (Maghnite-H + ). Maghnite-H + is a natural Algerian clay of the montmorillonite type, prepared by activation with sulfuric acid, the impact of this activation was observable in the XRD spectrum, by the increase in the interlayer spacing (d001) resulting from the intercalation of hydronium ions between layers. The molecular structure of the obtained polymer was determined by different chemical methods of analysis such as IR, 1 H NMR, and 13 C NMR. The thermal behavior of the polysiloxane obtained was confirmed by DSC. In order to achieve the best possible yield and at the same time to get a polymer of high molecular mass, the operating conditions have been set at t = 8 h and T = 70 °C after the reaction was repeated several times. The average molecular mass and the polydispersity index were measured by GPC. A reaction mechanism has been suggested to show the action of the Maghnite-H + during the reaction.

Green synthesis, anionic polymerization of 1,4-bis(methacryloyl)piperazine using Algerian clay as catalyst

“…Maghnite-H + and maghnite-Na + were prepared according to the procedure mentioned in our previous studies [15,16]. 20 g of raw maghnite was milled for 20 min using a ceramic ball mill.…”

“…Poly(1,4-bis(methacryloyl)piperazine) is a distinct class of functional polymers, which has a variety of applications, is very useful for the preparation of cross-linking agent and their use for preparation of polymer suitable for the separation on of amino acid, peptides, protein and viruses [10][11][12][13]. The synthesis of 1,4-bis(methacryloyl)piperazine could be realized according to different approaches in various solvents and reactants using acryloyl or methacryloyl chloride with triethylamine [11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Highly Conductive and Soluble Polymer Synthesized by Copolymerization of Thiophene with Para-Methoxybenzaldehyde Using Clay Catalyst

“…The chemical and physical properties of the mineral clay depend strongly on the amount of water present between the layers. Clay minerals have catalytic properties in the polymerization reactions of several cyclic and siloxane monomers due of the surface acidity, which have been the subject of huge number of studies [10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Synthesis of Polytetrahydrofuran Using Protonated Kaolin as A Solid Acid Catalyst

“…For this purpose, the use of nontoxic heterogeneous catalysts instead the mentioned homogenous catalysts can be an efficient solution method [10]. Regarding the application of heterogeneous catalysis for the polymerization process, over the last few decades, several research groups have valorized and applied some natural materials based on clays that have been already used as solid catalysts for the polymerization of vinyl, heterocyclic and ester monomers [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Among these clay materials, the kaolin, a class of inexpensive and a new non-toxic cationic catalyst, exhibited much higher catalytic reactivities in different organic synthesis processes [10,[24][25].…”