Green nanotechnology for plant bacterial diseases management in cereal crops: a review on metal-based nanoparticles

Abstract

Cereals are an important source of nutrients for animals. Several diseases cause severe yield loss in cereal crops. Bacterial diseases result in varying yield losses across cereals: Wheat (5-40%), maize (15-98.9%), rice (20-70%), pearl millet (3-35%), and oats (15-49%). Diseases may be bacterial diseases, fungal or viral. Bacterial diseases are traditionally treated by pesticides. Chemically synthesized pesticides are toxic and hazardous to the environment. Nanotechnology is emerging and novel field for agriculture, especially in plant pathology as a strong antimicrobial agent. Nanoparticles have been synthesized in various ways i.e., biological, physical, and chemical methods. Chemical and physical methods of nanoparticles are costly and toxic to the environment. The biological method for the synthesis of nanoparticles is eco-friendly and economical. Microorganisms or plant extracts are used for metal nanoparticle synthesis. The application of nanoparticles in agriculture has a wide scope and it can bring nano-revolution. This review summarizes the antibacterial activity of biosynthesized metal nanoparticles and their role in bacterial disease management of cereals.

Evaluating the impact of biogenic nanoparticles and pesticide application in controlling Cotton Leaf Curl Virus Disease (CLCuD) in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

“…Long-term health issues raised from exposure to even small amounts of pesticides, including cancer, neurological disorders, reproductive problems, and immune system dysfunction [5]. Some pesticides disrupt the body's hormonal balance, leading to reproductive and developmental problems, and other health effects [6,7].…”

“…Meanwhile, nanoparticles of micronutrients induce antioxidative defense in plants against plant bacterial, fungal and viral diseases. Actually, nanoparticles enhance bioavailability of nutrients for plants [7].…”