Green mediated sol-gel synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticle: An efficient candidate for waste water treatment and antibacterial agent

Review of Oxidative Dissolution and Sulfidation of Select Nanoparticles in the Environment: Impact on Applications

“…Additionally, they have been incorporated into gas sensors that allow for the detection of carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and arsenate ions , and biosensors that detect gas markers in human breath to provide a disease diagnosis . Similar to Ag NPs, CuO NPs are incorporated into biomedical applications for their antimicrobial properties , and can catalyze the decomposition of organic pollutants in wastewater. − They have also found use as gas sensors to detect nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide and have been explored in agricultural applications since they can serve as nanofertilizers or nanopesticides due to their fungicidal and bactericidal properties. , ZnO NPs are most known for their presence in sunscreens and other cosmetics as they effectively block ultraviolet light waves. − Other common uses of ZnO NPs include the degradation of synthetic dyes in water, removal of heavy metals such as lead and chromium from water, , and incorporation into dye-sensitized solar cells for improved solar cell efficiency. , They have also been effective as nanofertilizers that promote plant growth and mitigate plant stress at low concentrations, although excessive application can lead to toxic effects on the plant and have negative consequences on the surrounding soil microbial communities. , Lastly, inorganic NPs, such as CdSe QDs, are popular in consumer products because of their tunable emission wavelength, high quantum yields, and greater photostability when compared with traditional organic dye molecules. For these reasons, QDs are often present in LED displays, − and they have been utilized for in vivo and in vitro biological imaging. − As another application, Cd-based QDs have been incorporated into biosensors that can detect mutation changes within DNA fragments for lung cancer diagnosis or for the detection of microRNAs that serve as cancer biomarkers for ovarian and prostate cancer .…”