Green Manures and Crop Residues as Source of Nutrients in Tropical Environment

Valadares, Rafael Vasconcelos; Ávila‐Silva, Lucas de; Teixeira, Rafael da Silva; Sousa, Rodrigo Nogueira de; Vergütz, Leonardus

doi:10.5772/62981

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Soil with low fertility predominates in tropical areas, making soil fertility management essential in maintaining an economically and environmentally sustainable farming system. The use of green manures and crop residues exerts different conditioning effects on the soil; however, the main objectives of this practice in low-fertility tropical soils are to improve the cation exchange capacity (CEC) and provide nutrients such as N, P, and S. Additionally, the decomposition of residues and OM releases nutrients such as Ca, Mg, K and trace elements (Valadares et al, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved nutrient uptake in three Crotalaria species inoculated with multifunctional microorganisms

Lanna

Silva

Moreira

et al. 2021

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved nutrient uptake in three Crotalaria species inoculated with multifunctional microorganisms

Lanna

Silva

Moreira

et al. 2021

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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“…The growth of leguminous plants and their in-situ trampling at the flowering stage by tillage (plowing) or incorporation of leaves and young twigs of plants collected from another area is called green manuring. The significance of using of green manuring crops has been recognized long ago (Pieters, 1927) for its capacity to provide nitrogen (Yang et al, 2018) and enhance soil organic carbon (Ramesh and Chandrasekaran, 2004); while its multifarious effects on crop production (Fageria, 2007;Valadares et al, 2016) and their quantification in various crops and locations are getting movement afterward. The use of green manuring is more common in rice-based cropping systems and, again, in lowland or irrigated rice ecosystems (Pooniya et al, 2012).…”

Section: Green and Brown Manuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Health and Its Improvement Through Novel Agronomic and Innovative Approaches

Shahane

Shivay

2021

Front. Agron.

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Soil is an important natural resource providing water, nutrient, and mechanical support for plant growth. In agroecosystem, continuous manipulation of soil is going on due to addition of input, removal of nutrients, changing water balance, and microbial life. These processes affect soil properties (physical, chemical, and biological), and the deviation of these properties from the normal status is controlled by soil buffering capacity and soil resilience. If these changes are beyond the reach of soil resilience, then soil loses its original state, leading to soil degradation. At present, the extent of the degraded area in the world is 1,036 to 1,470 million ha. This urges the need for maintaining soil health rather than the mere addition of input for crop production. Soil health is an integrative property that reflects the capacity of soil to respond to agricultural intervention, so that it continues to support both agricultural production and the provision of other ecosystem services. Maintaining the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil is needed to keep it healthy, and this is possible through the adoption of different agronomic approaches. The diversification of nutrient sources with emphasis on organic sources, adoption of principles of conservation agriculture, enhancement of soil microbial diversity, efficient resource recycling through the integrated farming system, and amendment addition for correcting soil reactions are potential options for improving soil health, and are discussed in this review. This article reviewed the concept of soil health and its development, issues related to soil health, and indicators of healthy soil. At the same time, the impact of the ill health of the soil on crop productivity and resource use efficiency reported in different parts of the world in recent years are also reviewed. The agro-techniques such as green and brown manuring in arable land and agroforestry on degraded and marginal land were followed on piece meal basis and for economic gain. The potential of these and several other options for maintaining soil need to be recognized, evaluated, and quantified for their wider application on the front of soil health management avenues. The use of crop residue, agro-industrial waste, and untreated mineral or industrial waste (basic slag, phosphogypsum, etc.) as soil amendments has a huge potential in maintaining healthy soil along with serving as sources of crop nutrition. The review emphasizes the evaluation and quantification of present-day followed agro-techniques for their contribution to soil health improvement across agro-climatic regions and for wider implications. Furthermore, emphasis is given to innovative approaches for soil health management rather than mere application of manures and fertilizers for crop nutrition.

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“…Nitrogen is required for amino acid synthesis. The rhizobiamediated N fixation by legumes as well as mineralization of organic matter supplied by soil-incorporated legume green manure can both provide free amino acids as well as nitrate-N and ammonium-N for plant uptake (Weigelt et al, 2005;Valadares et al, 2016;Solangi et al, 2019). Studies by Solangi et al (2019) to evaluate P and K uptake efficiencies of various winter leguminous cover crop species reported that phosphatase and leucine-aminopeptidase (enzyme involved in the synthesis of leucine amino acids) as well as β-glucosidase and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase were significantly increased by different species of hairy vetch green manures.…”

Section: Oat Grain Proteins and Soil Carbon Nitrogen And Sulfurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term organic and conventional farming effects on nutrient density of oats

Omondi

Wagner

Mukherjee

et al. 2021

Renew. Agric. Food Syst.

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Declining nutrient densities of crops in the past 50–70 years have been attributed to unsound agricultural practices and plant breeding focus on yield rather than quality. Few studies have quantified the soil and nutritional quality of grains in organic and conventional farms and reported results are scarce and inconsistent. The Rodale Institute's Farming Systems Trial (FST) was established in 1981 to quantify the effects of long-term organic and conventional grain cropping systems and tillage practices. A 2014 study to quantify effects on the nutrient density of oat grains was integrated into three systems within the long-term trial: organic manure-based (MNR), organic legume-based (LEG), and conventional synthetic input-based (CNV), split between tilled (T) and no-till (NT) practices. Oat grains with hulls removed were analyzed for minerals (n = 24), vitamins (n = 24), amino acids (n = 24) and proteins (n = 24), while soil samples to a depth of 10 cm were analyzed for elemental minerals, and total carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S). Organic systems increased six out ten soil minerals whose concentrations were influenced by cropping systems: aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), calcium (Ca), barium (B) and strontium (Sr). All essential amino acids were greater in oat grains under LEG systems compared with other systems except lysine, histidine and methionine. Both LEG systems also increased 12 out of 13 non-essential amino acids in oat grains. Total oat N, C and S required for amino acid synthesis tended to be greater in organic systems. Soil N, C and S were highly correlated with total oat amino acids under organic systems compared to CNV. Organic LEG had significantly greater vitamin B1 than MNR and CNV. These results suggest that nutrient concentrations of oat grains were greater in organic systems compared to CNV systems, and the increase could be partially explained by the long-term soil management differences between the systems.

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Green Manures and Crop Residues as Source of Nutrients in Tropical Environment

Cited by 17 publications

References 103 publications

Improved nutrient uptake in three Crotalaria species inoculated with multifunctional microorganisms

Improved nutrient uptake in three Crotalaria species inoculated with multifunctional microorganisms

Soil Health and Its Improvement Through Novel Agronomic and Innovative Approaches

Long-term organic and conventional farming effects on nutrient density of oats

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