Green Manure Amendment Increases Soil Phosphorus Bioavailability and Peanut Absorption of Phosphorus in Red Soil of South China

Abstract

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the most important crops produced worldwide. Peanut is the dominant crop in the typical upland red soil areas of China; however, phosphorus bioavailability in red soil is very low, which severely affects peanut production. To improve the phosphorus bioavailability, which substantially promotes the green development of peanut production, a peanut–green manure rotation field experiment was conducted with six treatments (milkvetch; radish; brassica rape; mustard rape; winter fallow and no-tillage), commencing in September 2017 in the red soil area of Jiangxi province, China. The results show that compared with no-tillage (NT) treatments, different green manure returning treatments had significant effects on soil pH, soil phosphorus components and available potassium content. The particulate phosphorus and soil available phosphorus contents in the green manure treatments were significantly higher than those in the winter fallow (WF) treatment. Compared with the WF treatment, the content of particulate phosphorous in brassica rape (BR), radish (R) and milkvetch (MV) treatments was significantly increased by 6.55%, 3.66% and 2.50%, respectively; the available phosphorus content in mustard rape (MR), BR, R and MV was significantly increased by 20.93%, 25.60%, 23.76% and 18.10%, respectively. In addition, the total phosphorus content of peanut shell in the MV and R treatment was significantly higher than that in the WF treatment, increasing by 33.47% and 60.66%, respectively. Compared with the WF treatment, the peanut biomass of MR, BR and R treatments increased significantly by 19.51%, 29.83% and 19.77%, respectively. The total phosphorus accumulation in all green manure treatments was higher than that in the WF treatment, and the MV treatment reached a significant level at 18.83%. Based on these results, the particulate phosphorus (PP) and available phosphorus were significantly affected by different green manure treatments; green manure amendment improves peanut phosphorus uptake. The use of green manure (especially milkvetch and brassica rape) can be recommended to improve phosphorus bioavailability and yield of peanut in red soil areas.

Exchangeable Al, peanut growth, and nodulation on Ultisol Bogor as affected by ameliorant proportion of lime and organic matter

“…The results reported by Crusciol et al (2019) showed that a lower dose of liming (lime 2.7 t ha -1 + gypsum 2.1 t ha -1 ) yielded plant tissue P levels of 0.68%, which was higher than the results of this study in which the treatment of calcite 20 t ha -1 yielded plant tissue level 0.33%, and dolomite 20 t ha -1 yielded at level 0.30%. Gu et al (2023) reported that applying green manure could increase the plant tissue P content up to 0.175%. High plant tissue P content can be supported by increasing the amount of available P in the soil by releasing phosphate ns from the fixation of Al and Fe in the acidic soil and mineralizing organic P (Dasog and Patil, 2007).…”

Utilisation of Green Manures as Organic Substrates in Soilless Culture: A Review

“…This bicarbonate can solubilize soil mineral P, ensuring sufficient phosphorus for subsequent crops" [64,65] "Addition of green manures increase the soil organic carbon subsequently leading forward to reduction on soil pH. This decrease in soil pH reduces the phosphate fixation in soil with iron and aluminium" [66]. "Ultimately availability of phosphous increases.…”

The Effects of Calcium and Sulfur Fertilizers Accompanied by Different Side Elements on the Growth and Cd Uptake of Spinacia oleracea Grown in Cd-Contaminated Alkaline Soil

“…Soil total nitrogen content (TN) was digested in a sulfuric acid-hydrogen peroxide solution and tested by the Kjeldahl method with an automatic Kjeldahl nitrogen analyzer (KDY-9820, KETUO, Beijing, China) [46]. Soil available phosphorus (AP) concentration was extracted using sodium bicarbonate and measured through the vanadium molybdate yellow colorimetric method with a spectrophotometer (Model 722, Modern Science Ltd., Shanghai, China) [47]. Soil-available potassium (AK) was extracted by ammonium acetate and tested following the flame photometer method (6400A, Precision Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) [48].…”