“…TPs are biorenewable, biodegradable, nontoxic, and water soluble at room temperature and can act as biotemplates for the formation of FeONPs, avoiding the thermodynamically favorable agglomeration . The interaction of iron ions with TPs makes it difficult to form repeating lattice structures required for crystallinity; thus usually amorphous materials are produced, as reported for green tea, black tea, white tea, Yerba Mate, and eucalyptus leaf extracts. − Moreover, the TP alcoholic functional groups form metal complexes through chelation that can help to stabilize the NPs . Finally, TPs also act as reducing agents, whose reduction potentials range between +0.3 and +0.8 V, while the redox potentials of Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ and Fe 2+ /Fe 0 are +0.77 and −0.44 V, respectively. , This indicates that Fe 3+ can be reduced to Fe 2+ by TP, but it is difficult to further reduce Fe 2+ to Fe 0 .…”