Green Intelligent Nanomaterials by Design (Using Nanoparticulate/2D-Materials Building Blocks) Current Developments and Future Trends

Abstract

Feasibility of designing and synthesizing 'smart' and 'intelligent' materials using nanostructured building blocks has been examined here based on the current status of the progress made in this context. The added advantages of using 2D layered/nonlayered materials along with phytosomal species derived from natural plants are highlighted with special reference to their better programmability along with minimum toxicity in biomedical applications. The current developments taking place in their upscaled productions are also included while assessing their upcoming industrial usages in diverse fields.

2D-Metal-NSs Based ‘Smart Drug Delivery and Imaging Platforms’ Treatment of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs)

“…Theoretical and experimental investigations, made so far, in case of Xene-NSs of borophene, silicene, germanene, stanene, phosphorene, arsenene, antimonene, bismuthene, and tellurene have reached a stage where a number of highly sensitive and selective nano biosensors, and theranostic platforms are available for targeted drug delivery, including simultaneous tracking of the biochemical interaction pathways by advanced imaging techniques, along with the desired drug release and excretion profiles during their clinical trials. Xene-NSs are currently being investigated for their practical applications in biosensors, bioimaging, therapeutic delivery, and theranostics required in developing a smart platform Ahmad [4][5][6][7]; Kumar [8] and Tao et al [9].…”

Role of 2D-Material in Engineered Nanomaterials

“…In this whole context of engineered materials, of late, the recent entry of two-dimensional layered/non layered materials have already started providing numerous alternatives for changing the materials designs with better controls in contrast to those of the nanoparticulate species just by restricting their quantum confinement in transverse directions alone [5]. Out of such a large number of 2D-materials, explored so far, the ones comprising of monolayer forms are of special interest theoretically as well as experimentally.…”

“…Having recognized such novel features of 2D-materials in terms of wide variation in their energy band gaps (i.e. from zero to more than 6eV), very high carrier mobility and saturation limited velocity in addition to their surface functionalization, quite aggressive efforts are now going on to increase the size of the mono/multiple-layers for active device fabrications prior to their large scale industrial applications involving their integration for sub functional modules [5]. Even preparation of nanocomposites of 2D-nanomaterials and polymeric compounds are currently being developed for their varied applications with added advantages not foreseen earlier [5,6].…”

“…from zero to more than 6eV), very high carrier mobility and saturation limited velocity in addition to their surface functionalization, quite aggressive efforts are now going on to increase the size of the mono/multiple-layers for active device fabrications prior to their large scale industrial applications involving their integration for sub functional modules [5]. Even preparation of nanocomposites of 2D-nanomaterials and polymeric compounds are currently being developed for their varied applications with added advantages not foreseen earlier [5,6]. The role of ionic liquids has currently been found facilitating easier surface functionalization by introducing appropriate chemical moieties along with charged species for enhancing anisotropy related properties of these synthetic materials [7].…”