Green infrastructure indicators to plan resilient urban settlements in Pakistan: Local stakeholder's perspective

Rayan, Muhammad; Gruehn, Dietwald; Khayyam, Umer

doi:10.1016/j.uclim.2021.100899

Cited by 25 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Pakistan still lacks green policies and strategies for resilient land-use planning. There is room to place UGI at the center of SCRM to fight the ever-rising climate hazards [20,37,38]. This need for innovative UGI planning is linked to Pakistan's vast territory and multiplicity of dwellings (220 million inhabitants), where a significant portion of the population (39.22%) resides in urban areas [39]; this figure will have risen to 50% by the year 2030 [40,41], putting urban regions and inhabitants at risk of climatic catastrophes [42].…”

Section: Problem Statement and Intended Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…UGI, a novel planning terminology, is a re-articulation of the present UGS planning idea [16,17], widely recognized as a green approach in sustainable climate-risk management (SCRM) that enhances (urban) ecosystem health [18]. Moreover, UGI and SCRM together have the potential to fight climate uncertainties more cost-effectively than the traditional grey infrastructure [19,20]. However, UGI's strength as a climate change mitigator is seldom perceived in developing countries, where it is instead associated with beautification-a non-essential urban amenity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, UGI's strength as a climate change mitigator is seldom perceived in developing countries, where it is instead associated with beautification-a non-essential urban amenity. Its actual potential to influence urban climate resilience against ever-rising environmental hazards is still less frequently considered [20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At this juncture, a successful green transition is pivotal for executing a participatory planning approach [29,34], as such initiatives are necessary to stimulate UGS infrastructure, to better address ecological, socio-cultural, and economic issues regarding land use [35]. This also enhances cities' ecological resilience and the associated benefits for its dwellers against urban environmental hazards [20,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frameworks for Urban Green Infrastructure (UGI) Indicators: Expert and Community Outlook toward Green Climate-Resilient Cities in Pakistan

2022

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Climate-induced pressures spur on the need for urban green infrastructure (UGI) planning. This approach offers a possible way to improve ecosystem functionality and human well-being in adversely affected urban regions, wherein UGI is perceived as a green and nature-based climate change mitigation/adaptation strategy. In Pakistan, the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province lacks such urban landscape and greening policies (ULGP) or legislative frameworks for transitioning to green action plans (GAP), to alleviate the risk of multi-climatic hazards. Thus, this study aims to investigate a sustainable UGI-indicator-based framework model, based on the due inclusion of the concerned stakeholders. The relative importance index (RII) and inter-quartile range (IQR) techniques are employed for field data analysis. The findings proclaim excellent reliability (α > 0.7) and internal consistency, wherein sustainable UGI indicators are grouped based on their importance. The results portray the ecological and economic sustainability dimensions as being important (RII = 0.835 and RII = 0.807, respectively), socio-cultural dimensions as being moderately important (RII = 0.795), and a set of UGS elements (RII ≥ 0.77) as vital for bolstering individual UGI indicators. The main UGS elements emerging in each category can be grouped as follows: ecological category—“reducing rainwater runoff” (RII = 0.94); socio-cultural category—“enhancement of mental and physical health” (RII = 0.90); and eco category—“minimizing the risk of flood disasters” (RII = 0.96). The simulation results demonstrate the need for an inclusive perspective when building the urban green space (UGS) infrastructure (and standards) that will be most suitable for ensuring climate-resilient urban regions. This study contributes to putting the scientific research knowledge of the natural green-landscape-based (NBLB) approach into practice. The study calls for the establishment of an effective, pragmatic relationship between the urban landscape and greening policies, alongside a constructive relationship with the native inhabitants to ensure eco-friendly and resilient settlements.

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Section: Problem Statement and Intended Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frameworks for Urban Green Infrastructure (UGI) Indicators: Expert and Community Outlook toward Green Climate-Resilient Cities in Pakistan

2022

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“…Despite that, sustainable mobility in the gulf and tropical cities still faces many barriers. The weather conditions were reported as the most significant barrier to utilizing active and public transport modes in many different cities (Jain and Singh, 2021;Shannon, et al, 2006;Limanond, et al, 2011;Smith and Henríquez, 2019;Shooshtarian, et al, 2018;Rayan, et al, 2021;Taleghani and Berardi, 2018;and Ribeiro, et al, 2020 [6-13]). Several studies (Herath, et al, 2021;and Pal and Eltahir, 2015 [14-15]) concluded that climate change might occasionally in summer conditions threatens human survival in some hot climate regions such as Riyadh, Abu Dhabi, Doha, Dubai, Manama, Kuala Lumpur, and many others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Trends in Overcoming the Weather Barrier to Sustainable Mobility in Gulf and Tropical Cities

Al‐Atroush

Mustaffa

Sebeay

2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Several studies predicted that in case of the continuous rising concentrations of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs), the gulf region might experience intolerable temperatures to humans. Such terrible weather may have a severe consequence on different vital activities in different Gulf countries, such as the Muslim rites of Hajj in Mecca city. However, supporting the global mitigation efforts would significantly minimize the seriousness of the expected impacts. With that in mind, hot weather was reported as the significant barrier to sustainable mobility in those countries. Their current mobility is heavily dependent on privately-owned fossil-fueled vehicles rather than other sustainable transport choices. This paper reviewed the most recent innovative and solutions to overcome the problems associated with the hot climate. The review focused on the new techniques concerned with reducing the pavement surface temperature and the corresponding decreases in the ambient air temperature, aiming to promote sustainable mobility modes in hot climate cities. The paper also identified future research needs to fulfill each proposed solution's scientific and practical gap and overcome the weather barrier.

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Stakeholders' perceptions and preferences towards industrial water sensitive development in New Zealand

Wang

Roon

2021

Water Environment Research

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Understanding stakeholders' perceptions and preferences is key to promoting Industrial Water Sensitive Design (IWSD). A questionnaire was distributed to stakeholders in a conventional New Zealand industrial area. The results showed that technological feasibility limitation, institutional inertia, and cognitive shortage were the main barriers to IWSD application, though stakeholders supported IWSD and preferred the vegetation‐based measures. IWSD should focus on achieving the enhancement of environmental quality, greening functions, community well‐being, traffic and driving convenience, and balancing the aesthetic demand and attractiveness of IWSD projects. Improving the threshold of IWSD measures' pollutant removal capacity and optimizing infiltration places and flow paths are also vital. Results suggest IWSD implementation requires the transformation of public awareness, the establishment of sound regulations, plus IWSD guidance, practitioner training guidance, and incentive mechanisms. The findings facilitate public acceptance, strategic planning, the formulation of regulations for future IWSD application, and achievement of sustainable industrial development. The study concludes by providing recommendations for future work. Practitioner Points Industrial Sustainable Stormwater Management is a research and practice gap. The main barriers of IWSD are technological feasibility limitation, institutional inertia, and cognitive shortage. Traffic and driving convenience, greening functions, aesthetic value balance, and health improvement are vital for improving social acceptance of IWSD. IWSD requires sound policy, awareness transformation, and reasonable design for capacity of IWSD measures and stormwater infiltration and flow.

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Green infrastructure indicators to plan resilient urban settlements in Pakistan: Local stakeholder's perspective

Cited by 25 publications

References 16 publications

Frameworks for Urban Green Infrastructure (UGI) Indicators: Expert and Community Outlook toward Green Climate-Resilient Cities in Pakistan

Frameworks for Urban Green Infrastructure (UGI) Indicators: Expert and Community Outlook toward Green Climate-Resilient Cities in Pakistan

Emerging Trends in Overcoming the Weather Barrier to Sustainable Mobility in Gulf and Tropical Cities

Stakeholders' perceptions and preferences towards industrial water sensitive development in New Zealand

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