Green growth or degrowth? Evaluating the potential of technology for sustainability

Abstract

The raging debate between green growth and degrowth continues. Technology is a focal point in this debate as the advocates of green growth and degrowth have contradictory views on the roles and impacts of technology on environment and society. Green growth advocates believe that technology can allow indefinite growth while simultaneously ensuring environmental and societal sustainability, whereas the degrowth advocates argue that technological progress cannot allow indefinite growth. These views are largely opinion based rather than informed by objective and systematic analyses because comprehensive tools to evaluate the roles and impacts of technology on environment and society do not yet exist. This paper develops a much-needed framework to comprehensively evaluate the roles of technology on environment and society by analysing the interactions among the dimensions of technology, environment, economy and society. Key parameters that characterise technology are proposed for its evaluation and the policy implications of technological evaluations are examined. Finally, potential future research directions are explored. The technological evaluation approach proposed in this paper has a potential to significantly advance the green growth versus degrowth debate.

The Impact of Environmental Technology and Environmental Policy Strictness on China’s Green Growth and Analysis of Development Methods

“…rough the application of the "double transformation, entrepreneurship, and innovation" approach, the fruits of economic growth can be shared to finally achieve the purpose of national wealth and welfare for all the people [13,14]. e goal of green economic growth is to implement economic "transformation" and "innovation".…”

“…The environmental technology and the stringency of environmental policies can often be deemed as potential constraints that have a direct effect on the transaction expenses, costs, profits, and management effectiveness in the growth of a green economy [ 12 , 13 ]. While changing the green growth in the country, with regard to safeguarding the rights and obligations of the economy as a whole, it can urge people to save energy and contribute to the stable economic growth and improvement of social welfare standards effectively.…”

“…Its framework is designed around the main objectives of development, the strategies to be adopted, the criteria for the tasks, and the guarantee measures. Through the application of the “double transformation, entrepreneurship, and innovation” approach, the fruits of economic growth can be shared to finally achieve the purpose of national wealth and welfare for all the people [ 13 , 14 ].…”