Green grammar and grammatical metaphor, or language and the myth of power, or metaphors we die by

A Critical Review of Consciousness-Raising Approaches: Applied Linguistics vs. Systemic Functional Linguistics

“…In dysfunctional sense, nominalisation has been viewed as a violator of relativistic view of the world, since it construes a world of Things which sounds objective. Contrary to the latter, Goatly (1996) International Journal of Linguistics ISSN 1948-5425 2016 argues that the deployment of GM in English language is consonant with the relativistic view or what he names as 'green grammar'. This argument stems from an ontological and ideological outlook rather than the social perspective proposed in SFL.…”

“…This argument stems from an ontological and ideological outlook rather than the social perspective proposed in SFL. In fact, Goatly (1996) marginalises linguistic analysis within a specific context for ontological, philosophical and psychological ends.…”

“…Halliday's (1985) notion of GM not only has been the focus of attention by educational linguists, it has absorbed other linguists' attention as well. Goatly (1996), for instance, has largely taken philosophical and psychological perspective in defining GM in which he argues that nominalisation is in harmony with ecology. In fact, Goatly's (1996) argument is against Halliday and Martin's (1993) stance on the role of nominalised language in science discourses in which nominalisation has been viewed both as 'functional' and 'dysfunctional' (Schleppegrell 2001).…”

“…Goatly (1996), for instance, has largely taken philosophical and psychological perspective in defining GM in which he argues that nominalisation is in harmony with ecology. In fact, Goatly's (1996) argument is against Halliday and Martin's (1993) stance on the role of nominalised language in science discourses in which nominalisation has been viewed both as 'functional' and 'dysfunctional' (Schleppegrell 2001). In the functional sense, nominalisation has been sought as the basis for the evolution of experimental science, enabling the development of technical taxonomies in science and as a tool for developing argument in humanities.…”

Quantifying lexical usage: vocabulary pertaining to ecosystems and the environment

“…One early area of interest was grammatical agency: for example, Goatly (1996) and Schleppegrell (1997) examined the extent to which passive and nominalised forms are used in texts concerning the environment so as to avoid ascribing agency -and thus responsibility -to people, organisations or practices. This type of analysis is broadly aligned with critical discourse analysis (CDA), which has been the theoretical framework underlying much recent work on environmental language: for example, Kuha (2009) analyses statements about global warming in US newspapers and whether they present climate change and its causes as a certainty or not; Alexander's (2009) monograph analyses the contexts and linguistic features of several texts relating to the environment; and Carvalho and Burgess (2005) examine how the political orientations of British broadsheet newspapers resulted in different framings of climate change between 1985 and 2003.…”