Green energy in municipal planning documents

Abstract

Abstract. Urbanization causes many changes to the land management system. It is estimated that cities are responsible for 75% of the total energy consumption, and in 2045 they will be inhabited by about 70% of the world's population. These are the reasons why they should be reflected upon with regard to the problem of environmental protection, and further by means of energy production from renewable energy sources, an efficient public transport system, or securing green areas in a city space. In protecting the natural environment, urban development policy should, according to the guidelines of the European Union, be adapted to the requirements for the reduction of the need for heat, electricity and gaseous fuels. The EU directives indicate the need to increase the share of renewable energy in final consumption (in the first stage, up to 15%) and to reduce CO2 emissions by 20%. The aim of the article is an attempt to determine how to implement green energy into cities through planning documents. Material for analysis was obtained from standardized interviews carried out with the inhabitants of Zielona Góra and the documents which are the base to the implementation of the Urban Energy Audit (EAM). Policy concerning the introduction of green energy to cities should primarily be determining tasks to carry out at a national (centralized) and local (decentralized) level. Tools to implement this vision at a local level shall be, inter alia, municipal planning documents.

Social and Infrastructural Conditioning of Lowering Energy Costs and Improving the Energy Efficiency of Buildings in the Context of the Local Energy Policy

“…Energy suppliers are increasingly building predicting models, using, for example, artificial neural networks. It is rare, however, to use a simulation of energy use that supports optimization of management of cities [28].…”

“…Last but not least, Polish legislation should be broadening the thermal renovation support programs as shown in Figure 7). There is a need for public intervention (grants and tax exemptions) to encourage the rational use of energy in households, including supportive (financial) measures generate a lever-jack effect in the form of improvement of existing buildings [28]. for a the adaptation of future urban programs with variable criteria to the social capabilities of virtually every city population.…”

“…Last but not least, Polish legislation should be broadening the thermal renovation support programs as shown in Figure 7). There is a need for public intervention (grants and tax exemptions) to encourage the rational use of energy in households, including supportive (financial) measures generate a lever-jack effect in the form of improvement of existing buildings [28]. Social conditioning of the cost of energy and improving the energy efficiency of buildings apply to two levels: indirectly with households and institutions, via social assistance and relevant city departments, or directly dealing with issues of energy (energy providers).…”

A Customized Decision Support System for Renewable Energy Application by Housing Association

“…Governments have introduced many programs [11], action plans [12,13] and documents at an international level [14,15] to prevent further, uncontrolled depletion of the natural environment [16]. However, one of the most urgent problems is to create a system that will allow the use of environmental resources (including energy) in a sustainable manner, ensuring the existence and development of humanity [17].…”

Spatio-temporal assessment of energy consumption and socio-economic drivers in rural areas in Poland

“…Per capita income is recognised to have a statistically significant impact on the total number of RES [26]. Implementation of environmental and energy policies requires the integration of cross-sectoral activities [27]. Land ownership and structural changes in rural areas are subject to free market rules [28].…”