Green energy: Hydroprocessing waste polypropylene to produce transport fuel

Mangesh, V.L.; Tamizhdurai, P.; Krishnan, P. Santhana; Narayanan, S. Sriman; Umasankar, S.; Padmanabhan, S.; Shanthi, K.

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124200

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…In concordance with the literature [16,34], the most important reactions in the hydrocracking of neat polyolefins are those that generate LCO and naphtha and, in a lesser extent, the production of gases. This fact is also reflected in our results (Table 1), since the HDPE is predicted to mainly form LCO, which is subsequently converted to lighter fractions.…”

Section: Fitting and Validation Of The Kinetic Modelsupporting

confidence: 79%

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A six-lump kinetic model for HDPE/VGO blend hydrocracking

Vela

Palos

Trueba

et al. 2023

Fuel

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Section: Fitting and Validation Of The Kinetic Modelsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Between the different alternative routes [12][13][14], the hydrocracking of polyolefin waste plastics on a bifunctional catalyst is considered as an ideal route for the production of fuels [15,16]. This fact is based on the high versatility and low energy demand of the hydrocracking technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A six-lump kinetic model for HDPE/VGO blend hydrocracking

Vela

Palos

Trueba

et al. 2023

Fuel

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“…Meanwhile, the yields of gas and carbonaceous coke were higher than those of the sFCC catalyst alone. The results illustrated that 3 wt % is the optimum Cumodified pm sFCC template causing the modified Cu-sFCC to increase the acid properties, acid active site and acid strength, affecting the catalytic cracking, further catalytic reaction, e.g., hydrogenation, hydrotreating, isomerization, and secondary reaction, 15,16,28 resulting in the liquid product yield and the selectivity of the diesel-like fraction.…”

Section: Influence Of the Reaction Time On The Product Yield Distribu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Noble metal acid catalysts are highly expensive and need regeneration after the reaction, while it is necessary to investigate an inexpensive alternative active catalyst that has a long lifetime and good catalytic performance for the production of pyrolysis oil from SLO. − Therefore, many researchers have also focused on the product distribution and further treatment to improve the physicochemical properties and fuel quality, ,,,, including the copyrolysis of feedstocks with high H/C material, such as waste polymer and less oxygenate composition. ,− Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) can be co-fed with SLO, enhancing the role of LDPE and its synergy of both thermal decomposition and further catalytic reaction, resulting in shortened hydrocarbon molecules and conversion into desirable pyrolysis oils when compared with the pyrolysis oil obtained from the pyrolysis of individual SLO. ,− Furthermore, upgrading the coprocessing of SLO and LDPE is also a candidate process with some acid/basic heterogeneous catalysts to produce a diesel-like grade. In general, zeolites, especially fluid catalytic cracking catalysts (FCCs), are widely used as heterogeneous acid catalysts in oil refining industries − ,, due to their textural properties, microporosity, thermal stability and acidity, resulting in the conversion of crude oil into commercialized fuels and liquified petroleum gas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Copyrolysis of Used Waste Plastic and Lubricating Oil Using Cu-Modification of a Spent Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalyst for Diesel-like Fuel Production

Charusiri,

Phowan,

Permpoonwiwat

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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This work provided catalytic copyrolysis of spent lubricating oil (SLO) with waste low-density polyethylene (LDPE) using copper modification of a spent fluid catalytic cracking (sFCC) catalyst to produce diesel-like fuels in a microbatch reactor, which will lead to effective waste management, ensure sustainability, and serve as an alternative energy source. The effects of LDPE blended with SLO, temperature, reaction time, and catalyst loading using an inert nitrogen atmosphere were investigated on the yields and distributions of copyrolyzed oil, while metal modification of the sFCC was prepared and used to investigate the catalytic activity. The temperature and time of reaction played an important role in the gaseous contribution to the pyrolysis of SLO. The addition of the LDPE ratio in the catalytic copyrolysis, including Cu loading on a spent FCC template, also enhanced the acidity and was responsible for the catalytic activity, which could improve the product distribution and chemical compounds in a range of diesel-like fuels. It was shown that the pyrolyzed oil was in the range of C7–C26 with a maximum diesel-like fraction of 23.11 ± 2.88 wt % compared with the catalytic pyrolysis of SLO alone, which contained a diesel-like fraction of only 12.45 ± 1.92 wt %. It was noticed that the acid active site of the catalyst resulted in a carbon–carbon bond cleavage and further secondary reaction, leading to the conversion of the long residue fraction into a light oil product. In addition, the LDPE ratio in the catalytic copyrolysis could improve the product distribution and chemical compounds in a range of diesel-like compounds, as confirmed by the GC/MS analysis. Catalytic copyrolysis oil of the optimal process condition (0.7:0.3 mass molar of SLO/LDPE, 450 °C, 60 min, 3 wt % Cu-sFCC, and 10 wt % catalyst loading) mainly contains light hydrocarbons in the C7–C19 range. Accordingly, both the product selectivity and the conversion of the long residue to the diesel-like fraction were nearly stable (59.01 ± 1.36%) during the catalyst reusability test from one to three cycles without regeneration and significantly decreased after the fifth cycle. This is an indication that the copyrolysis enhanced the conversion of SLO by LPDE blended into smaller hydrocarbon compounds, and the catalytic activity therefore showed a major tendency toward the formation of diesel-like fractions (C8–C18).

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“…These authors concluded that 10 and 20 wt % of HPPO in the blend led to a fuel complying with EN590 Standard for diesel fuels. In later works, these researchers improved the results by using Au/mordenite 244 and NiMo/laponite 245 catalysts in the hydroprocessing of propylene pyrolysis oil. The improvement is due to the multifunctionality of these catalysts, as they are active in hydrogenation, isomerization, and aromatization reactions.…”

Section: Hydroprocessingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Refinery: The Valorization of Waste Plastics and End-of-Life Tires in Refinery Units. A Review

et al. 2021

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This review collects a wide range of initiatives and results that expose the potential of the refineries to be converted into waste refineries. Thus, they will use their current units for the valorization of consumer society wastes (waste plastics and end-of-life tires in particular) that are manufactured with petroleum derivatives. The capacity, technological development, and versatility of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) and hydroprocessing units make them appropriate for achieving this goal. Polyolefinic plastics (polyethylene and polypropylene), the waxes obtained in their fast pyrolysis, and the tire pyrolysis oils can be cofed together with the current streams of the industrial units. Conventional refineries have the opportunity of operating as waste refineries cofeeding these alternative feeds and tailoring the properties of the fuels and raw materials produced to be adapted to commercial requirements within the oil economy frame. This strategy will contribute in a centralized and rational way to the recycling of the consumer society wastes on a large scale. Furthermore, the use of already existing and, especially, depreciated units for the production of fuels and raw materials (such as light olefins and aromatics) promotes the economy of the recycling process.

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Green energy: Hydroprocessing waste polypropylene to produce transport fuel

Cited by 30 publications

References 68 publications

A six-lump kinetic model for HDPE/VGO blend hydrocracking

A six-lump kinetic model for HDPE/VGO blend hydrocracking

Catalytic Copyrolysis of Used Waste Plastic and Lubricating Oil Using Cu-Modification of a Spent Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalyst for Diesel-like Fuel Production

Waste Refinery: The Valorization of Waste Plastics and End-of-Life Tires in Refinery Units. A Review

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