Green chemical processes with supercritical fluids: Properties, materials, separations and energy

Machida, Hiroshi; Takesue, Masafumi; Smith, Richard L.

doi:10.1016/j.supflu.2011.04.016

Cited by 116 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…Localized densities surrounding solute increase well above densities throughout most of the fluid due to eddy effects, aggregation, and nucleation around solute molecules (Hyde et al, 2001). Extensive reviews of supercritical water properties can be found elsewhere (Brunner, 2009a;Dinjus & Kruse, 2007;Hauthal, 2001;Hyde et al, 2001;Kruse, 2008;Kruse & Dinjus, 2007a, 2007bLoppinet-Serani et al, 2010;Machida et al, 2011;Noyori, 1999). The most important advantage of supercritical-water, hydrothermal destruction systems is that aqueous sludges do not require any pre-treatment or drying steps in order for the thermochemical conversion process to occur, resulting in efficient material transfer and economically beneficial characteristics (Duan & Savage, 2011), which can be further enhanced by modifying the system for production of H2, the addition of catalysts, or energy recovery.…”

Section: Hydrothermal Decomposition and Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most commercial and industrial applications require that engineering designs and materials overcome corrosion and plugging problems and that systems operate on a continuous duty cycle (Azadi et al, 2011;Elliott, 2008;Guo et al, 2007). Some common, SCW-reactor considerations are presented here, while extensive and detailed reviews can be found elsewhere (Bermejo et al, 2005a(Bermejo et al, , 2005b(Bermejo et al, , 2009Calzavara et al, 2004;Fauvel et al, 2003Fauvel et al, , 2005Lieball et al, 2001;Machida et al, 2011;Marrone & Hong, 2009;Mitton et al, 2000;Peter, 2004;Tan et al, 2011;Veriansyah et al, 2009;Wellig et al, 2005;Yoshida & Matsumura, 2009). …”

Section: Reactor Kinetics and Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supercritical Water Gasification of Municipal Sludge: A Novel Approach to Waste Treatment and Energy Recovery

Kamler¹,

Soria²

2012

Gasification for Practical Applications

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Section: Hydrothermal Decomposition and Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reactor Kinetics and Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical Water Gasification of Municipal Sludge: A Novel Approach to Waste Treatment and Energy Recovery

Kamler¹,

Soria²

2012

Gasification for Practical Applications

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“…The supercritical fluid extraction technique using carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) has been recognized as a green technology, which has also been a rapidly developing technique for the chemical industry in recent years [6,7]. CO 2 is a clean and versatile solvent with gas-like diffusivity and liquid-like density in the supercritical phase, which has provided an excellent alternative to the use of chemical solvents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Stripping-down TNT from Waste Munitions by Supercritical CO2 Fluid Extraction under Low Temperature Conditions

Yang

et al. 2018

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

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Abstract:The traditional methods of waste munitions treatment are expensive and also have potential risks during the treatment process. The supercritical fluid extraction technique has been a rapidly developing technique in the chemical industry in recent years. CO2 is used as the solvent, which has some advantages, such as low pollution, low cost, good chemical stability and can be operated under low temperature conditions. This research explored the feasibility of reclaiming TNT from waste munitions by supercritical CO2 fluid extraction. It was found interestingly that the melting point of TNT can be lowered in supercritical CO2 fluid. Therefore, the melting process of TNT was observed under different temperature and pressure conditions to determine the best operating conditions for stripping-down TNT from waste munitions. Afterwards, simulated warheads with weight loadings of 60 g, 500 g and 1 kg of TNT were prepared and strippingdown tests from the simulated warheads were carried out using supercritical CO2 fluid at temperatures lower than the normal melting point of TNT. The results showed that TNT could be completely removed from the simulated warheads and the optimum operating conditions were determined as 55 °C and 25 MPa. This study will contribute to the feasibility evaluation of stripping-down TNT-based high explosives.

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“…Based on this fact, the supercritical extraction process has advantages compared to conventional methods with organic solvent. The carbon dioxide in its supercritical state is a promising solvent due to its characteristics like inertness, non-toxicity, no flammability, non-explosiveness, and availability with high purity at low cost (Brunner, 1994).This technology implies in the use of the principles of green chemistry and engineering, since process inception in the research environment until to process application on a commercial scale (Machida et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical and Economic Evaluation of Phorbol Esters Extraction from Jatropha Curcas Seed Cake using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Pereira¹,

Pessoa²,

Mendonça³

et al. 2016

AJBB

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Jatropha curcas plant shrub of Euphorbiaceae family is a plant whose seeds are rich in oil that can be used for biofuel production. However the seeds contain many toxic compounds which the most important ones are known as phorbol esters (PEs). This study has as aim the study of the technical and economic feasibility of the supercritical fluid to extract the PEs present in the Jatropha seed cake. The effect of temperature (40 -100 ºC) and pressure (100 -500 bar) on the phorbol yield was investigated using a central composite design methodology to determine the significance and interactions of these parameters. PEs in the extracted samples were analyzed and quantified by HPLC. The supercritical fluid extraction was effective in the PE extraction from Jatropha curcas cake varying from 23.0%, at 70 ºC and 500 bar to 2.6% at 90 ºC and 160 bar. The results showed that pressure had the most significant enhancing effect on the phorbol ester yield. Simulations of phorbol ester extraction from Jatropha curcas cake were carried out using SuperPro Designer 9.0 to evaluate the production costs of an industrial process to treat the necessary quantity of cake. It was possible to conclude that the supercritical extraction is a promising technology that can be applied to detoxify the Jatropha curcas cake.

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Green chemical processes with supercritical fluids: Properties, materials, separations and energy

Cited by 116 publications

References 138 publications

Supercritical Water Gasification of Municipal Sludge: A Novel Approach to Waste Treatment and Energy Recovery

Supercritical Water Gasification of Municipal Sludge: A Novel Approach to Waste Treatment and Energy Recovery

Investigation on Stripping-down TNT from Waste Munitions by Supercritical CO2 Fluid Extraction under Low Temperature Conditions

Technical and Economic Evaluation of Phorbol Esters Extraction from Jatropha Curcas Seed Cake using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

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