Green Buildings: Human-Centered and Energy Efficiency Optimization Strategies

Abstract

The rapid growth of the global population and urbanization has led to environmental degradation, resulting in a worldwide energy crisis. In response, the quality of architecture has evolved to prioritize energy efficiency, impacting indoor human health in the process. Green buildings have emerged as a solution to this problem, aiming to improve indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and human well-being while minimizing negative environmental impacts. This comprehensive review focuses on the role of green buildings in enhancing indoor human health and energy efficiency. It examines the published research on the effects of green buildings on IEQ and occupant health, highlighting sustainable architectural practices that promote good health. The study concludes that green buildings provide healthier environments for their occupants by creating healthy indoor environments, and minimizing negative environmental impacts. The study also explores the link between sustainable architecture and health promotion, with a focus on IEQ. It presents evidence-based and biophilic design strategies that can impact treatments and health promotion in the built environment. Overall, this review emphasizes the critical role that green buildings can play in addressing the global energy crisis while promoting the health and well-being of building occupants.

Green building rating systems: A critical comparison between LOTUS, LEED, and Green Mark

“…The international sustainability goals have led to the development of the GB movement with unprecedented success (Abdelfattah 2018, Karimi et al 2023. Although the SD and GB terminologies are related and often used interchangeably, there are differences.…”

Application of Green Building Aspects in Community Residential Houses

“…The emphasis on indoor health and comfort in old houses, as reflected in their superior scores in these aspects, highlights the intrinsic link between sustainable design and human well-being (Desideri & Asdrubali, 2018). This aligns with the overarching goal of green architecture, which seeks to create built environments that promote occupant health, productivity, and overall quality of life (Karimi et al, 2023).…”

Fabrication of Bamboo-Based Activated Carbon for Low-Level CO2 Adsorption toward Sustainable Indoor Air

“…The ever-advancing modernization increases indoor comfort, resulting in extended human indoor residence over the years [1]. Generally, humans now spend up to 90% of their daily hours indoors, including in cars, transportation cabins, malls, etc.…”

“…The maximum permissible CO 2 concentrations in indoor spaces is 800-1000 ppm. At various concentrations, inhaled CO 2 could induce some health effects: physiological changes at >500 ppm [1], irregular heart rates and blood pressure at >600, sick-building syndrome (SBS) symptoms, reduction in cognitive level and mental performance at >1000 ppm, especially in children [5,6], and inhibition of various metabolic, respiratory, circulatory, skeletal, and renal systems at >10,000. Acute poisoning at 2000-4000 and 1000-2700 ppm for respective 2 and ≤6 h exposure duration could cause inflammation and cognitive depreciation [7,8].…”