Green Bio-Manufacturing of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Green Microalga Cosmarium sp. (Desmidiaceae) and Assessment of Their Microbial Efficacy

Abstract

Microalgae are living microorganisms characterized by their ability to form a wide range of high-valued, bioactive compounds using sunlight, CO 2 and water (Al-Hayali & Al-Katib, 2020). Among these microorganisms, green microalgae constitute the most heterogeneous group of phototrophic primitives, which is considered one of the main sources of chemical compounds including nutrients, fats and vitamins (Khorshed & Al-Katib, 2021; Yaqub et al., 2022). In general, microalgae are among the richest biological sources of bioactive compounds produced from secondary metabolism and they are key sources of several phenolics, alkaloids and carotenoids (Al-Taie & Al-Katib, 2020). Nowadays, a great attention has been drawn to exploit the ecofriendly algae-mediated nanoparticles as powerful antimicrobial agents to manage and control human and plant diseases.