Green and lean: Is neighborhood park and playground availability associated with youth obesity? Variations by gender, socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity

Hughey, S. Morgan; Kaczynski, Andrew T.; Child, Stephanie; Moore, Justin B.; Porter, Dwayne E.; Hibbert, James

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.11.024

Cited by 58 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The influence of urban leisure amenities over BMI seems to contradict the general expectation that providing urban leisure amenities will increase people's opportunities for physical activity and help them lose weight [15]. Urban leisure amenities in the current model is positively explained by the provision of open space (coeff.…”

Section: Analytical Resultscontrasting

confidence: 60%

“…A pedestrian-friendly environment commonly includes well-connected streets with frequent intersections and adequately sized blocks [11,12], mixed land use with a wide variety of destinations [13], and easy access to public transportation [14]. Researchers also found that a higher level of urban leisure amenities is associated with a lower level of obesity incidence [15]. In particular, numerous nearby parks are known to encourage physical activity, decreasing obesity incidence [16].…”

Section: Of 20mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do the Walkability and Urban Leisure Amenities of Neighborhoods Affect the Body Mass Index of Individuals? Based on a Case Study in Seoul, South Korea

Choi

Yoon

2020

IJERPH

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This study investigates the impact of neighborhood-built environments on obesity in interrelationship with socioeconomic status (SES)—controlling for dietary patterns and physical activities of residents—using structural equation modeling (SEM). A total of 577 samples who are between 19 and 64 years old and reside in Seoul are extracted from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES), 2015. Neighborhood environments are represented as the two latent constructs—walkability and leisure amenities—composited with indicators such as density of intersections, density of mixed-use area, and the area of open spaces and are aggregated by jurisdictional unit in Seoul. We found that greater walkability in a neighborhood explained a lower body mass index (BMI) among residents, whereas more urban leisure amenities in a neighborhood explained a higher BMI. The finding suggests that a walking-friendly environment is more effective than active recreational amenities in inducing people to engage in daily physical activities to the level that reduces obesity rate. SES exerted a negative impact on BMI of a greater magnitude than the impact of either of the environmental living conditions, reinforcing the importance of general wealth and education level in leading to a healthy lifestyle. Our research contributes to growing evidence of a relationship between obesity and the built environment in the context of Asian countries where the prevalence of obesity is becoming a serious issue and requires immediate attention.

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Section: Analytical Resultscontrasting

confidence: 60%

Section: Of 20mentioning

confidence: 99%

Do the Walkability and Urban Leisure Amenities of Neighborhoods Affect the Body Mass Index of Individuals? Based on a Case Study in Seoul, South Korea

Choi

Yoon

2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These differences are consistent with previous studies [3,29] and may be due to genetic factors as well as cultural habits. Further studies should consider how the built environment-overweight association may vary by sex and race/ethnicity [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other than the walkability itself, features which promote an active lifestyle, like greenspaces, parks, and playgrounds, have also been analysed in most of the current studies [14,15]. Liu et al found that higher availability of greenspace was associated with a decreased risk of overweight, but only among those in areas with a greater population density [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Built Environment and Childhood Weight Status: A Multi-Level Study Using Population-Based Data in the City of Hannover, Germany

Zhou

Buck

Maier

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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In recent years, built environmental characteristics have been linked to childhood overweight, but the results remain inconsistent across studies. The present study examines associations between several built environmental features and body weight status (BMI) z-score among a large sample of preschool children in the city of Hannover, Germany. Walkability (Index), green space availability, and playground availability related to preschool children’s home environments were measured using data from OpenStreetMap (OSM). These built environment characteristics were linked to the data from the 2010–2014 school entry examinations in the Hannover city (n = 22,678), and analysed using multilevel linear regression models to examine associations between the built environment features and the BMI z-score of these children (4–8 years old). No significant associations of built environmental factors on children’s BMI were detected, but the effect between green space availability and BMI was modified by the parental educational level. In children with lower compared to higher educated parents, a higher spatial availability of greenspace was significantly associated with reduced body weight. Future research should continue to monitor the disparities in diverse built environment features and how these are related to children’s health.

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“…Childhood obesity is associated with various socioeconomic status (SES) indicators ; thus, inconsistent findings may be due, in part, to the impact of individual and neighbourhood level SES factors. For example, among third to fifth grade children ( N = 13,469) from south‐eastern USA, the association between availability of play spaces and BMI was moderated by child gender, ethnicity and SES . Among 4‐ to 18‐year‐old children ( N = 44,810) from Massachusetts, neighbourhood SES was a stronger contributor to BMI than food and physical activity environments for children who were Black or Hispanic .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between obesity in 4‐ to 7‐year‐old children and eight types of crime: a hierarchical linear modelling approach

Benzies

Yates

Patel

et al. 2018

Obesity Science & Practice

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Summary Objective Evidence of the association between childhood obesity and neighbourhood crime is inconclusive. Most previous studies have included children of all ages, and few have examined different types of crime. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between obesity and eight different types of crime (i.e. commercial robbery, street robbery, assault, other violence, commercial break and enter, residential break and enter, theft of vehicle and theft from vehicle) among 4‐ to 7‐year‐old children in a large western Canadian city. Methods Cross‐sectional, epidemiological study ( N = 10,069) using spatial analysis and hierarchical generalized linear modelling. The outcome variable was normal weight or obesity. The exposure variable was the distance between the child's residential postal code and the closest occurrence of each type of crime. Results Controlling for distance to the closest park, frequency of each type of crime in the child's neighbourhood and neighbourhood factors (proportion of visible minorities, education and median family income), there was no association between any of the crime types and childhood obesity. Conclusions Crime did not contribute to obesity in this sample of 4‐ to 7‐year‐old children. Replication of this study in other jurisdictions would increase confidence in these results.

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Green and lean: Is neighborhood park and playground availability associated with youth obesity? Variations by gender, socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity

Cited by 58 publications

References 71 publications

Do the Walkability and Urban Leisure Amenities of Neighborhoods Affect the Body Mass Index of Individuals? Based on a Case Study in Seoul, South Korea

Do the Walkability and Urban Leisure Amenities of Neighborhoods Affect the Body Mass Index of Individuals? Based on a Case Study in Seoul, South Korea

Built Environment and Childhood Weight Status: A Multi-Level Study Using Population-Based Data in the City of Hannover, Germany

Association between obesity in 4‐ to 7‐year‐old children and eight types of crime: a hierarchical linear modelling approach

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