Greater vulnerability to warming of marine versus terrestrial ectotherms

Pinsky, Malin L.; Eikeset, Anne Maria; McCauley, Douglas J.; Payne, Jonathan L.; Sunday, Jennifer M.

doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1132-4

Cited by 511 publications

(506 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…The ability to tolerate or adapt to only a small range of environmental conditions (i.e., reduced plasticity (Meier et al, 2014)) does not fit with the presence of the here identified fitness-increasing physiological and plastic responses when exposed to increasing temperatures and the wide dispersion of the species (Bergan, 2015), indicating that C. irrorata's postacclimation resilience to thermal variability, together with the environmental variability of their spring habitats, may be higher than previously assumed. This species-specific understanding of molecular mechanisms guiding adaptive responses refines our understanding of the vulnerability of freshwater ectotherms to warming and complements data on marine and terrestrial ectotherms (e.g., Pinsky, Eikeset, McCauley, Payne, & Sunday, 2019). Our findings further complement data indicating that species from cold and thermally stable environments are less sensitive to temperature variation than species from warm and variable environments (Seebacher et al, 2015) and that aquatic organisms show high thermal plasticity (Gunderson & Stillman, 2015).…”

Section: Local Adaptation To Springssupporting

confidence: 77%

Comparative proteomics of stenotopic caddisfly Crunoecia irrorata identifies acclimation strategies to warming

2019

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Species' ecological preferences are often deduced from habitat characteristics thought to represent more or less optimal conditions for physiological functioning. Evolution has led to stenotopic and eurytopic species, the former having decreased niche breadths and lower tolerances to environmental variability. Species inhabiting freshwater springs are often described as being stenotopic specialists, adapted to the stable thermal conditions found in these habitats. Whether due to past local adaptation these species have evolved or have lost intra‐generational adaptive mechanisms to cope with increasing thermal variability has, to our knowledge, never been investigated. By studying how the proteome of a stenotopic species changes as a result of increasing temperatures, we investigate if the absence or attenuation of molecular mechanisms is indicative of local adaptation to freshwater springs. An understanding of compensatory mechanisms is especially relevant as spring specialists will experience thermal conditions beyond their physiological limits due to climate change. In this study, the stenotopic species Crunoecia irrorata (Trichoptera: Lepidostomatidae, Curtis 1834) was acclimated to 10, 15 and 20°C for 168 hr. We constructed a homology‐based database and via liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS)‐based shotgun proteomics identified 1,358 proteins. Differentially abundant proteins and protein norms of reaction revealed candidate proteins and molecular mechanisms facilitating compensatory responses such as trehalose metabolism, tracheal system alteration and heat‐shock protein regulation. A species‐specific understanding of compensatory physiologies challenges the characterization of species as having narrow tolerances to environmental variability if that characterization is based on occurrences and habitat characteristics alone.

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Section: Local Adaptation To Springssupporting

confidence: 77%

Comparative proteomics of stenotopic caddisfly Crunoecia irrorata identifies acclimation strategies to warming

2019

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“…Second, greater dispersal and colonization abilities in the oceans (3) may help marine ectotherms and cryptogams to expand their distribution towards the newly available habitats at their leading edge. By contrast, at high latitudes, where the thermal safety margin of marine ectotherms is larger (16), climate warming alone is unlikely to explain isotherm tracking. Instead, anthropogenic activities (e.g.…”

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confidence: 92%

“…This may stem from the combination of two processes. First, marine ectotherms are living closer to their upper thermal limits in the tropics, where sea surface temperatures are the highest, thus increasing the likelihood of local extirpations at their trailing edges as climate warms (16). Second, greater dispersal and colonization abilities in the oceans (3) may help marine ectotherms and cryptogams to expand their distribution towards the newly available habitats at their leading edge.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Terrestrial ectotherms may also access thermal microrefugia (e.g. shaded environments) more easily to regulate their body temperature, increasing their thermal safety margin by 3°C, on average, as compared with marine ectotherms (16). Therefore, terrestrial ectotherms could better withstand the increase in temperatures and avoid extirpation at the trailing edge of their latitudinal range by staying put or by finding thermal microrefugia at relatively short distances.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Species better track the shifting isotherms in the oceans than on lands

Lenoir

Bertrand

Comte

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Despite mounting evidence of species redistribution as climate warms, our knowledge of the coupling between species range shifts and isotherm shifts is limited. Compiling a global geo-database of 30,534 range shifts from 12,415 taxa, we show that only marine taxa closely track the shifting isotherms. In the oceans, the velocity of isotherm shifts interacts synergistically with anthropogenic disturbances and baseline temperatures such that isotherm tracking by marine life happens either in warm and undisturbed waters (e.g. Central Pacific Basin) or in colder waters where human activities are more pronounced (e.g. North Sea). On lands, increasing anthropogenic activities and temperatures negatively impact the capacity of terrestrial taxa to track isotherm shifts in latitude and elevation, respectively. This suggests that terrestrial taxa are lagging behind the shifting isotherms, most likely due to their wider thermal safety margin, more constrained physical environment for dispersal and higher availability of thermal microrefugia at shorter distances.

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“…Kelp forests represent some of the most productive and diverse ecosystems on Earth and underpin critical ecosystem goods and services upon which human societies depend, including nursery habitat for socioeconomically important fisheries species, biogenic storm defence and nutrient cycling Wernberg et al, 2019). As the geographic distributions of marine species is strongly controlled by temperature (Sunday et al, 2012;Pinsky et al, 2019), recent warming trends have caused many species to shift their ranges in order to track optimal thermal habitat (Poloczanska et al, 2013;Wiens, 2016). light, temperature, nutrients, substrate) and ecological (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of ocean warming on kelp forest ecosystems

2019

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Summary Kelp forests represent some of the most diverse and productive habitats on Earth, and provide a range of ecosystem goods and services on which human populations depend. As the distribution and ecophysiology of kelp species is strongly influenced by temperature, recent warming trends in many regions have been linked with concurrent changes in kelp populations, communities and ecosystems. Over the past decade, the number of reports of ocean warming impacts on kelp forests has risen sharply. Here, I synthesise recent studies to highlight general patterns and trends. While kelp responses to climate change vary greatly between ocean basins, regions and species, there is compelling evidence to show that ocean warming poses an unequivocal threat to the persistence and integrity of kelp forest ecosystems in coming decades.

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Greater vulnerability to warming of marine versus terrestrial ectotherms

Cited by 511 publications

References 91 publications

Comparative proteomics of stenotopic caddisfly Crunoecia irrorata identifies acclimation strategies to warming

Comparative proteomics of stenotopic caddisfly Crunoecia irrorata identifies acclimation strategies to warming

Species better track the shifting isotherms in the oceans than on lands

Impacts of ocean warming on kelp forest ecosystems

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