Greater sciatic notch as a sex indicator in juveniles

Vlak, Dejana; Roksandić, Mirjana; Schillaci, Michael A.

doi:10.1002/ajpa.20875

Cited by 89 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The individual was aged by dental development, eruption, and formation using the Ubelaker chart [47] and primary ossification centres [47,48]. Sex of a subadult is difficult to estimate [49][50][51] and the methods proposed do not produce highly reliable results. Using the morphology of the symphyseal region of the mandible [52] and the shape of the mandible [53] in combination with the robusticity of long bones [54], the shape of the sciatic notch would have been used to aid in determining sex; however, the majority of the pelvis is missing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Mercurial Teeth in a Possible Case of Congenital Syphilis and Tuberculosis in a 19th Century Child Skeleton

Ioannou

Henneberg

et al. 2015

Journal of Anthropology

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Without the presence of “caries sicca,” “sabre shins,” and nodes/expansion of the long bones with superficial cavitation, differential diagnosis of venereal syphilis and tuberculosis (TB) may be difficult as various infections produce similar responses. However, congenital syphilis has distinctive features facilitating a diagnosis. A case study of remains of a juvenile European settler (probably male, 8–10 years old) (B70) buried in the 19th century and excavated in 2000 from the cemetery of the Anglican Church of St. Marys in South Australia is presented. B70 demonstrated that the two diseases might have been present in the same individual, congenital syphilis and TB. Widespread destruction of vertebral bodies and kyphosis-related rib deformations indicate advanced TB. Severe dental hypoplasia is limited to permanent incisors and first molars; there is pitting on the palate, periosteal reaction on the skull vault, and thinned clavicles. Dental signs are not limited to “screwdriver” central incisors and mulberry molars. Apical portions of the crowns of permanent upper, lower, central, and lateral incisors have multiple hypoplastic-disorganized defects; deciduous canines have severely hypoplastic crowns while possibly hypoplastic occlusal surfaces of lower deciduous second molars are largely destroyed by extensive caries. These dental abnormalities resemble teeth affected by mercurial treatment in congenital syphilitic patients as described by Hutchinson.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Mercurial Teeth in a Possible Case of Congenital Syphilis and Tuberculosis in a 19th Century Child Skeleton

Ioannou

Henneberg

et al. 2015

Journal of Anthropology

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“…The finding is also close to that presented by Musgrave (7), who did not take into account the bone shrinkage: "full-term fetus or neonate (of 38-39 intrauterine weeks by modern standards)." Some authors have observed sexual dimorphism in juvenile skeletal samples of known sex (24,25), whereas other authors suggest that the application of this method to archaeological and forensic skeletal material may be problematic (26). Thus, given the uncertainty of the results, no sex determination attempts have been made to this individual.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

The lameness of King Philip II and Royal Tomb I at Vergina, Macedonia

Bartsiokas

Arsuaga

Santos

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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King Philip II was the father of Alexander the Great. He suffered a notorious penetrating wound by a lance through his leg that was nearly fatal and left him lame in 339 B.C.E. (i.e., 3 y before his assassination in 336 B.C.E.). In 1977 and 1978 two male skeletons were excavated in the Royal Tombs II and I of Vergina, Greece, respectively. Tomb I also contained another adult (likely a female) and a newborn skeleton. The current view is that Philip II was buried in Tomb II. However, the male skeleton of Tomb II bears no lesions to his legs that would indicate lameness. We investigated the skeletal material of Tomb I with modern forensic techniques. The male individual in Tomb I displays a conspicuous case of knee ankylosis that is conclusive evidence of lameness. Right through the overgrowth of the knee, there is a hole. There are no obvious signs that are characteristic of infection and osteomyelitis. This evidence indicates that the injury was likely caused by a severe penetrating wound to the knee, which resulted in an active inflammatory process that stopped years before death. Standard anthropological age-estimation techniques based on dry bone, epiphyseal lines, and tooth analysis gave very wide age ranges for the male, centered around 45 y. The female would be around 18-y-old and the infant would be a newborn. It is concluded that King Philip II, his wife Cleopatra, and their newborn child are the occupants of Tomb I.

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“…His methods, originally developed on an 18th-19th century population from London (Christ Church, Spitalfields), were later tested by Sutter [11] on a Chilean population of immature mummies and revealed a comparatively consistent result (79.0-80.7% success). Nonetheless, more recent tests on a different population have placed doubt upon the reliability of the criteria proposed by Schutkowski [9], suggesting that the general applicability of his methods is hampered by a lack of precision in the definition of features and the subjective nature of the scoring procedures [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%