“…[9][10][11]18 Other implicated causes of occipital neuralgia include trauma-induced scars, fracture pseudarthrosis, neurosyphilis, degenerative joint disease, primary and metastatic tumors, Chiari malformation, fibrositis, myositis and temporal arteritis, and vascular compression caused by an anomalous vertebral artery. 2,[4][5][6]8,[13][14][15] Nonsurgical therapy includes oral analgesics, anticonvulsants, antibiotics, 15 cervical collars, 4,6 cervical traction, 7 electrical nerve stimulation, 4,7 heat, massage, 8 and injections of local anesthetics or neurolytic agents. Injections are given at the area of greatest tenderness along the nuchal line or at the atlantoaxial joint.…”