Greater Adipose Tissue Infiltration in Skeletal Muscle among Older Men of African Ancestry

Miljkovic, Iva; Cauley, Jane A.; Petit, Moira A.; Ensrud, Kristine E.; Strotmeyer, Elsa S.; Sheu, Yahtyng; Gordon, Christopher L.; Goodpaster, Bret H.; Bunker, Clareann H.; Patrick, Alan L.; Wheeler, Victor W.; Kuller, Lewis H.; Faulkner, Kimberly A.; Zmuda, Joseph M.

doi:10.1210/jc.2008-2541

Cited by 69 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This finding is in line with other previous data, in particular, a study using mouse models, which showed that LPS injections can lead to changes in muscle quality (31). Ectopic skeletal muscle adiposity is greater among African ancestry individuals than Caucasians (32–36) and has been shown to be an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes (37,38). Whether LBP may partly explain ethnic/racial differences in skeletal muscle adiposity is unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein With Aging-Related Adiposity Change and Prediabetes Among African Ancestry Men

et al. 2015

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OBJECTIVECross-sectional studies suggest that lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) may be associated with obesity and metabolic disorders. However, prospective studies examining LBP are lacking. This prospective study investigated the association between LBP and metabolic abnormalities in 580 African ancestry men (mean age, 59.1 ± 10.5 years).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe measured fasting serum LBP at baseline. Changes in adiposity and glucose homeostasis as well as case subjects with new type 2 diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) were assessed at a follow-up visit ˜6 years later. Baseline LBP values were tested across quartiles for linear trend with metabolic measures. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the odds of new cases of IFG or diabetes per 1-SD greater baseline LBP.RESULTSLBP was significantly associated with baseline BMI, waist circumference, whole-body and trunk fat, skeletal muscle density, fasting serum insulin, and HOMA-insulin resistance (IR) (all P < 0.01). Greater baseline LBP was significantly associated with longitudinal increases in the percentage of trunk fat (P = 0.025) and HOMA-IR (P = 0.034), but only borderline so with a decrease in skeletal muscle density (P = 0.057). In men with normal glucose, baseline LBP was associated with increased odds of having IFG at follow-up after adjustment for age, baseline trunk fat, and lifestyle factors (odds ratio per 1-SD LBP: 1.51; 95% CI 1.02–2.21). This association was attenuated after additional adjustment for change in trunk fat (P = 0.067).CONCLUSIONSLBP may be a marker of prediabetes. Some of this association appears to be mediated through increased central and ectopic skeletal muscle adiposity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein With Aging-Related Adiposity Change and Prediabetes Among African Ancestry Men

et al. 2015

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“…storage at sites not normally associated with fat deposition. In skeletal muscles, elevated adipose deposition is observed at both inter-and intra-muscular sites (Miljkovic et al 2009;Schwenzer et al 2009). The reported effects of age on hepatic adiposity are mixed; an increase in hepatic adiposity (Frith et al 2009;Li et al 2009), no change (Bedogni et al 2006;Tiikkainen et al 2002) and negative correlations (Bedogni et al 2005;Zhou et al 2007) have been observed with age.…”

Section: Ageing Associated Changes In Adipose Tissue Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ageing, adipose tissue, fatty acids and inflammation

2014

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A common feature of ageing is the alteration in tissue distribution and composition, with a shift in fat away from lower body and subcutaneous depots to visceral and ectopic sites. Redistribution of adipose tissue towards an ectopic site can have dramatic effects on metabolic function. In skeletal muscle, increased ectopic adiposity is linked to insulin resistance through lipid mediators such as ceramide or DAG, inhibiting the insulin receptor signalling pathway. Additionally, the risk of developing cardiovascular disease is increased with elevated visceral adipose distribution.In ageing, adipose tissue becomes dysfunctional, with the pathway of differentiation of preadipocytes to mature adipocytes becoming impaired; this results in dysfunctional adipocytes less able to store fat and subsequent fat redistribution to ectopic sites. Low grade systemic inflammation is commonly observed in ageing, and may drive the adipose tissue dysfunction, as proinflammatory cytokines are capable of inhibiting adipocyte differentiation. Beyond increased ectopic adiposity, the effect of impaired adipose tissue function is an elevation in systemic free fatty acids (FFA), a common feature of many metabolic disorders. Saturated fatty acids can be regarded as the most detrimental of FFA, being capable of inducing insulin resistance and inflammation through lipid mediators such as ceramide, which can increase risk of developing atherosclerosis. Elevated FFA, in particular saturated fatty acids, maybe a driving factor for both the increased insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease risk and inflammation in older adults.

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“…Muscle quality measurements allow for an enhanced analysis of muscle tissue through assessment of the amount of contractile versus non-contractile tissue within the muscle (Fukumoto et al 2011), and are made largely using advanced and expensive technology, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (Goodpaster 2001; Katsiaras et al 2005; Miljkovic et al 2009; Tracy et al 1999). MRI and CT technologies have commonly been used to quantify muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA) and, more recently, to evaluate intramuscular fat and connective tissue, as an estimate of muscle quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Muscle Quality Reliability and Racial Differences in Body Composition of Overweight Individuals

Melvin¹,

Smith‐Ryan²,

Wingfield³

et al. 2014

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of ultrasound measures of muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA) and echo intensity (EI) in overweight subjects. A secondary purpose was to evaluate racial differences in EI, mCSA and body composition. In 33 overweight subjects, mCSA and EI were determined from a panoramic ultrasound scan of the vastus lateralis. Body composition was determined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Reliability of mCSA and EI was calculated from the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of the measurement (SEM) and minimal difference (MD). The ICC, SEM and MD for mCSA and EI were 0.87, 2.12, 5.89 and 0.74, 4.58, 12.69, respectively. There were no significant racial differences in body composition (p > 0.05); however, EI was significantly lower for black subjects (p = 0.018). These results suggest ultrasound measures of mCSA and EI are reliable in overweight subjects, and EI may provide additional muscle composition evaluations, beyond DXA measures.

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Greater Adipose Tissue Infiltration in Skeletal Muscle among Older Men of African Ancestry

Cited by 69 publications

References 56 publications

Association of Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein With Aging-Related Adiposity Change and Prediabetes Among African Ancestry Men

Association of Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein With Aging-Related Adiposity Change and Prediabetes Among African Ancestry Men

Ageing, adipose tissue, fatty acids and inflammation

Evaluation of Muscle Quality Reliability and Racial Differences in Body Composition of Overweight Individuals

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