Grazing of the mixotrophic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium sanguineum on ciliate populations of Chesapeake Bay

Bockstahler, Katrin R.; Coats, D. Wayne

doi:10.1007/bf00350065

Cited by 121 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…as Gymnodinium sanguineum, Ceratium furca and Gyrodinium uncatenum, usually occur at densities of <100 cells ml -1 in Chesapeake Bay during summer [data in (Bockstahler and Coats, 1993b)]. Our investigation indicates that G.galatheanum is an important component of the Chesapeake Bay phytoplankton during the spring and summer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Feeding on other phytoplankton by mixotrophic dinoflagellates may have significant ecological impacts on the organization and function of microbial food webs and on dinoflagellate population dynamics. The investigations of Bockstahler and Coats (Bockstahler and Coats, 1993b) and Jeong et al (Jeong et al, 1997) indicate that mixotrophic dinoflagellates could be important grazers/predators on other plankton, and suggest that mixotrophic dinoflagellates could compete with zooplankton and other consumers of phytoplankton for the food supply. Consequently, competition for inorganic nutrients between mixotrophic flagellates and other phytoplankton, and competition for particulate prey between these flagellates and zooplankton, could co-exist (Rothhaupt, 1996;Thingstad et al, 1996;Stickney et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial and temporal aspects of Gyrodinium galatheanum in Chesapeake Bay: distribution and mixotrophy

Li¹,

Stoecker²,

Coats³

2000

Journal of Plankton Research

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Abstract. Gyrodinium galatheanum (Braarud) Taylor 1995 is a common bloom-forming, potentially toxic photosynthetic dinoflagellate in Chesapeake Bay, USA. Abundance of this dinoflagellate achieved densities >4 ϫ 10 3 cells ml -1 in the mid-and upper Bay during late spring and early summer of 1995 and 1996. Ingestion of cryptophytes by this dinoflagellate was detected in most samples collected from the Bay. During late spring and early summer, mean number of ingested cryptophytes per G.galatheanum was as high as 0.46 for dinoflagellate populations located in surface waters of the mid-and upper Bay where dissolved inorganic phosphorus was low. Observations on the distribution of G.galatheanum in Chesapeake Bay show that populations of this dinoflagellate were usually restricted to waters with salinities ranging from 7 to 18 psu, seasonally progressed up the estuary, and usually co-occurred with cryptophytes. Correlation analysis indicates that abundance of G.galatheanum and incidence of feeding was negatively correlated with dissolved inorganic phosphorus, and that incidence of feeding was positively correlated with abundance of cryptophyte prey. These results indicate that G.galatheanum is an important component of the Chesapeake Bay phytoplankton during the spring and summer. Our results suggest that the phagotrophic capability possessed by this phototrophic dinoflagellate may contribute to its success in a varying-resource environment like Chesapeake Bay.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal aspects of Gyrodinium galatheanum in Chesapeake Bay: distribution and mixotrophy

Li¹,

Stoecker²,

Coats³

2000

Journal of Plankton Research

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“…That the biotic interactions of phagotrophic protozoa may considerably influence the population dynamics is meanwhile widely recognized (e. g. Bockstahler & Coats, 1993;Kfihn, 1995), though of course many details remain to be explored (Sommer, 1994). In the present case, G. undulans can be characterized now as a most effective feeder (predator) on O. aunta.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Gyrodinium undulans Hulburt, a marine dinoflagellate feeding on the bloom-forming diatomOdontella aurita, and on copepod and rotifer eggs

Drebes

Schnepf

1998

Helgoländer Meeresunters.

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Gyrodinium undulansare not ingested and are left behind in the diatom cell. Thereafter, the detached dinoflagellate reproduces by ceil division, occasionally followed by a second division. As yet, stages of sexual reproduction and possible formation of resting cysts could not be recognized, neither from wild material nor from laboratory cultures. Palmelloid stages (sometimes with a delicate wall) occurring in ageing cultures may at least partly function as temporary resting stages. The winter species G. undulans strongly resembles Syltodinium listii, a summer species feeding on copepod and rotifer eggs. Surprisingly, in a few cases this prey material was accepted by G. undulans as well, at least under culture conditions. When fed with copepod eggs, the dinof/agellate developed into a large trophont, giving rise thereafter by repeated binary fission to 4, 8 or 16 flagellates, as a result of a single feeding act. A re-examination of both species under simultaneous culture conditions is planned.

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“…Many field, experimental and modeling studies have highlighted the potential, if not real significance, of planktonic mixotrophy in aquatic systems (e.g., Bird and Kalff, 1986;Estep et al, 1986;Bockstahler and Coats, 1993;Hall et al, 1993;Nygaard and Tobiesen, 1993;Arenovski et al, 1995;Havskum and Riemann,Conflict of Interest Statement: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Plankton Mixotrophy: A Mechanistic Model Consistent with the Shuter-Type Biochemical Approach

et al. 2017

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Mixotrophy, i.e., the ability to combine phototrophy and phagotrophy in one organism, is now recognized to be widespread among photic-zone protists and to potentially modify the structure and functioning of planktonic ecosystems. However, few biogeochemical/ecological models explicitly include this mode of nutrition, owing to the large diversity of observed mixotrophic types, the few data allowing the parameterization of physiological processes, and the need to make the addition of mixotrophy into existing ecosystem models as simple as possible. We here propose and discuss a flexible model that depicts the main observed behaviors of mixotrophy in microplankton. A first model version describes constitutive mixotrophy (the organism photosynthesizes by use of its own chloroplasts). This model version offers two possible configurations, allowing the description of constitutive mixotrophs (CMs) that favor either phototrophy or heterotrophy. A second version describes non-constitutive mixotrophy (the organism performs phototrophy by use of chloroplasts acquired from its prey). The model variants were described so as to be consistent with a plankton conceptualization in which the biomass is divided into separate components on the basis of their biochemical function (Shuter-approach;Shuter, 1979). The two model variants of mixotrophy can easily be implemented in ecological models that adopt the Shuter-approach, such as the MIRO model (Lancelot et al., 2005), and address the challenges associated with modeling mixotrophy.

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Grazing of the mixotrophic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium sanguineum on ciliate populations of Chesapeake Bay

Cited by 121 publications

References 48 publications

Spatial and temporal aspects of Gyrodinium galatheanum in Chesapeake Bay: distribution and mixotrophy

Spatial and temporal aspects of Gyrodinium galatheanum in Chesapeake Bay: distribution and mixotrophy

Gyrodinium undulans Hulburt, a marine dinoflagellate feeding on the bloom-forming diatomOdontella aurita, and on copepod and rotifer eggs

Modeling Plankton Mixotrophy: A Mechanistic Model Consistent with the Shuter-Type Biochemical Approach

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