2020
DOI: 10.1002/pssb.202000471
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Grazing Emission X‐Ray Fluorescence: Novel Concepts and Applications for Nano‐Analytics

Abstract: Angle‐resolved X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy gives access to elemental analysis of nanoscaled materials. The two main techniques of this method are grazing incidence X‐ray fluorescence (GIXRF) and grazing emission X‐ray fluorescence (GEXRF) spectroscopy. Principles of both techniques including main applications are discussed in this Review. The main focus lies on the description of GEXRF technique and its new analytical possibilities in the nano‐world.

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Cited by 18 publications
(16 citation statements)
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References 151 publications
(247 reference statements)
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“…Even though the presented main developments of the SF‐GEXRF technique have been performed using synchrotron beamlines as excitation sources, the technique is suitable for laboratory‐based application. Laboratory based application examples of GEXRF already exist [ 40 ] and naturally also the SF‐GEXRF based nanostructure characterization can be performed employing such setups. For a demonstration, we used a low power microfocus X‐ray tube as well as a pnCCD (p‐n junction charge coupled device) [ 41 ] as the area selective fluorescence detector to perform GEXRF on the Cr nanostructures shown earlier.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Even though the presented main developments of the SF‐GEXRF technique have been performed using synchrotron beamlines as excitation sources, the technique is suitable for laboratory‐based application. Laboratory based application examples of GEXRF already exist [ 40 ] and naturally also the SF‐GEXRF based nanostructure characterization can be performed employing such setups. For a demonstration, we used a low power microfocus X‐ray tube as well as a pnCCD (p‐n junction charge coupled device) [ 41 ] as the area selective fluorescence detector to perform GEXRF on the Cr nanostructures shown earlier.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The only way to distinguish the layers is to get a priori knowledge of the composition of the sample, or to analyze the bulk if feasible. Nevertheless, new set-ups are now also being developed to analyze layered samples [20][21][22]: for example, performing an angular scanning [23][24][25], evaluating the ratio of the fluorescence lines [26,27], exploiting MA-XRF mapping [28][29][30], or through Monte Carlo simulations [11,31,32].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Dabei wird die einfallende oder emittierte Röntgenstrahlung unter streifenden Winkeln nahe dem kritischen Winkel für externe Totalreflexion beobachtet. Mit dieser Experimentanordnung werden verschiedene Tiefenbereiche innerhalb der Probe abgetastet [94]. Kayser et al [91] und Hönicke et al [92] bestimmten damit die Tiefenverteilung der Ionen von Al-implantierten Siliziumwafern, die mit Energien im Bereich von 1 -50 keV (maximale Reichweite der Ionen: ≈ 150 nm) bestrahlt wurden.…”
Section: Strukturänderung Von Diamant Durch Bestrahlungunclassified
“…Messungen können semiquantitative oder quantitative Informationen liefern, da die detektierte Fluoreszenzintensität direkt mit den Konzentrationen der Elemente im angeregten Material zusammenhängt [170]. Die Verwendung von Synchrotronstrahlung als Röntgenquelle ermöglicht nicht nur die genaue Einstellbarkeit der Energie, sondern auch eine Elementanalyse mit außergewöhnlicher Empfindlichkeit und räumlicher Auflösung aufgrund eines mikrofokussierten Röntgenstrahls und des hohen Flusses [94,171].…”
Section: Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyseunclassified
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