Grazed barley for dairy cows in small-scale systems in the highlands of Mexico

Gómez-Miranda, Aída; López-González, Felipe; Vieyra-Alberto, Rodolfo; Jordán, Carlos Manuel Arriaga

doi:10.1080/1828051x.2021.2022540

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The observed MUN values were higher than levels reported by Vega-García et al (2021) in cows grazing rye and triticale pastures, which report up to 16.1 mg/dL, respectively, in contrast to Gómez-Miranda et al (2022), who reported values no higher than 12 mg/dL for cows grazing barley.…”

Section: Results Fromcontrasting

confidence: 84%

“…The DM reported in treatments containing RYE were higher probably because of the good performance of rye previously reported by other authors (Celis-Álvarez et al, 2017;Coblentz et al, 2018); and the fibre results, dependent on the phenological stage of the small-grain cereal, were also higher in the treatments containing RYE due to its morphology as it has a higher stem proportion that is reflected in a greater content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin (Baron et al, 2015). Given the full maturity of whole-crop forages herein reported, fibre contents are higher than those reported by Gómez-Miranda et al (2020;2022) and Vega-García et al (2021) who evaluated small-grain cereal forages at an earlier phenological stage.…”

Section: Yield and Chemical Composition Of Foragessupporting

confidence: 52%

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Urea Treatment of Mature Whole-Crop Cereal Mixtures as Salvage Forage for Small-Scale Dairy Systems in the Dry Season

Zamora-Juárez,

Arias-Ávila,

Arriaga-Jordán

et al. 2024

Trop Subtrop Agroecosyst

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Background: Forage from small-grain cereals is an option to diversify feeding strategies in small-scale dairy systems (SSDS), due to their short cycle and ample adaptation. Mixtures of cereal species may have synergic advantages; however, grazing or ensiling is not always possible due to climatic factors, so forage crops are left to mature and lose quality. Urea treatment of whole-crop mature cereal mixtures may be an option to salvage forage that could not be grazed or ensiled. Objective: To evaluate the performance of dairy cows fed urea-treated mature whole-crop forage mixtures of triticale (TRT), rye (RYE), and barley (BLY), in the dry season for SSDS. Methodology: Treatment mixtures were TRT+RYE, TRT-BLY, and RYE+BLY. Fully mature cereal mixture crops were treated with 4 - 6% granular urea (plus water) on a fresh basis. Forage variables were analysed with a split-plot design. Whole-crop forage yields were 3.4 ton/ha, with highest yields for RYE-BLY. Crude protein content increased two-fold in treated forages, and dry matter digestibility was moderate with a mean estimated ME content of 7.9 MJ ME/kg DM. Performance was evaluated by an on-farm 3x3 Latin square experimental design repeated 3 times with nine Holstein cows, experimental periods were 14 days, of which 10 days were for adaptation to feeding and 4 days for sampling. Cows were offered daily 9.0 kg DM of urea-treated forage; complemented with 4.4 kg DM of concentrate, day-grazing, and 1.5 kg of cut pasture. Results: There were no statistical differences (P>0.05) for any of the animal variables. Urea treatment of whole-crop mature cereal mixtures resulted in a complementary moderate quality salvage forage for the dry season. Implications: The present study is presented as an alternative when the crops are in a state of advanced maturation and it is intended to modify the nutritional quality of the forages. Conclusion: The use of urea can be an alternative to improve the nutritional quality of forages.

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Section: Results Fromcontrasting

confidence: 84%

Section: Yield and Chemical Composition Of Foragessupporting

confidence: 52%

Urea Treatment of Mature Whole-Crop Cereal Mixtures as Salvage Forage for Small-Scale Dairy Systems in the Dry Season

Zamora-Juárez,

Arias-Ávila,

Arriaga-Jordán

et al. 2024

Trop Subtrop Agroecosyst

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“…La composición botánica (Tabla 3) y la cobertura vegetal (Tabla 4) muestran que Kikuyo sobresalió en ambas praderas, demostrando su potencial de adaptabilidad. En función de la composición botánica se encontraron diferencias significativas (P<0.05) para las especies de trébol blanco y otras gramíneas (especies de gramíneas no identificadas consumibles por el ganado) que aportaron rendimiento y calidad en ambas praderas, (Gómez-Miranda et al, 2022).…”

Section: Tabla 1 Resultados De Altura Medidos Con Pastometro Y Con Fl...unclassified

“…Por otro lado, los cereales de grano pequeño desempeñan un papel importante para sistemas de cultivo sostenibles. El Centeno (Secale cereale) es un cereal de invierno que se establece rápidamente, prospera en condiciones agroecológicas difíciles como bajas temperaturas y limitado riego (Gómez-Miranda et al 2022). Tiene un gran potencial de producción (Woli et al, 2016), por lo que puede desempeñar un papel importante en los SPLPE para aumentar la producción de forraje en las unidades de producción durante una época en la cual la producción de Kikuyo no es suficiente para satisfacer las necesidades de forraje de buena calidad destinado para alimentación de ganado lechero.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Desempeño Productivo De Vacas Lecheras Alimentadas Con Praderas De Kikuyo Sobresembradas Con Centeno en Sistemas De Producción De Leche en Pequeña Escala en Los Valles Altos De México

Marín-Santana,

González,

Almaraz

et al. 2023

Trop Subtrop Agroecosyst

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Background: Small-scale dairy systems contribute to mitigate rural poverty as they provide a stable source of incomes to farming families, and also contribute with over 30% of national milk production. However, the dependency on external inputs affects their profitability and sustainability, which added to difficult agroclimatic conditions and limiting management factors as high stocking rate in pastures. It is therefore necessary to evaluate feeding strategies better adapted to conditions in these systems to improve cattle diets based on quality forages reducing external dependency and thus, costs. A means to increase herbage yields in pastures is overseeding with annual fast-growing cereals. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the productive performance of dairy cows on two feeding strategies based on grazing, and the analysis of costs in small-scale dairy systems in the highlands of central Mexico. Methodology: Eight Holstein cows were used on continuous day grazing (8 h/day) under on-farm research with a double cross-over design. Treatments ere: continuous intensive grazing of Kikuyu grass pastures (KY) or Kikuyu grass overseeded with rye (KYCEN) from 6:00 to 16:00 h, plus 4.5 kg DM/day of commercial concentrate. Two groups of four cows balanced for days in milk and daily milk yield were formed, and each group randomly assigned to one of the treatment sequences: KY-KYCEN-KY y KYCEN-KY-KYCEN, with three experimental periods of 14-day each, with 10 days for adaptation to diets and four days for sampling. Pastures were assessed with a split-plot design. Records were for milk yield and composition, live weight and body condition. A partial budget analysis was performed to compare income and feeding costs. Results: There were no statistical differences (P>0.05) in productive performance, with mean 3.5% fat corrected milk yield of 17 kg/cow/day, with 36.6 g/kg, 28.5 g/kg and 43.4 g/kg for milk fat, protein and lactose respectively. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) between treatments for sward height or herbage mass, but there were significant differences (P<0.05) for DM and OM content between treatments, and for CP, NDF, ADF, IVDMD, and EM (P<0.05) between periods. Implications: In the face of complex agroecological scenarios for small-scale dairy systems, it is necessary to assess forages better adapted for these conditions as the inclusion of a fast growing cereal as rye to increase pasture production and increase the forage base in the diets with farm resources as Kikuyo grass, in order to increase the profitability of farms. Conclusions: Since there were no statistical differences in the productive performance of dairy cows, or in economic performance, the conclusion is that treatment KY is the recommended option for this season. Treatment KYCEN requires expenditures in seed and labour, so that it is not a viable option for small-scale dairy systems in this season.

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“…Milk is from cows increasingly fed with diets based on maize silage (Velarde-Guillen et al, 2022) as a quality forage to sustain milk yields during the dry season. However, cultivating maize for silage requires good rainfall or irrigation (Gómez-Miranda et al, 2022). Water for irrigation is increasingly being restricted (Fadul-Pacheco et al, 2013) due to several dry years and low dam levels, and the possible effects of climate change disrupt the rain patterns with longer dry spells in the rainy season; which call for the evaluation of better adapted alternative forages (Rao et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical and sensory characterisation of ‘Molido’ fresh cheese from cows fed sorghum silage in small-scale dairy systems in the highlands of central Mexico

Ortega-González,

Espinoza-Ortega,

Sánchez-Vega

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The diet of milking cows influences dairy products through the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of the milk produced. Sorghum silage has been proposed as an alternative forage for small-scale dairy systems in the highlands in the face of changing rain patterns and dry spells. Sorghum forage has tannins and other metabolites that could affect cheese composition and sensory characteristics for consumers. Fresh ‘Molido’ cheese made cows fed a diet with a forage base of 80% sorghum silage – 20% maize silage on a DM basis (treatment SgSLG) compared to the conventional forage base of 100% maize silage (treatment MzSLG). Chemical composition was analysed by analysis of variance on a completely randomised design, and a sensory assessment by a 1 to 5 point hedonic scale analysed by the Kruskal-Wallis non parametric test, and overall preference analysed by a Xi-square test. There were significant differences between cheeses (P < 0.05) for fat, protein and ash contents. In the sensory assessment, significant differences (P < 05) were for flavour, texture in mouth, and aroma persistence with higher score for MzSLG cheese. However, in overall preference, SgSLG cheese was significantly preferred (P < 0.05) over MzSLG cheese. The overall preference for cheese made from milk of cows fed a forage base of sorghum silage, represents an alternative to small-scale dairy farmers whose milk is for artisan ‘Molido’ fresh cheese production.

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Grazed barley for dairy cows in small-scale systems in the highlands of Mexico

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

Urea Treatment of Mature Whole-Crop Cereal Mixtures as Salvage Forage for Small-Scale Dairy Systems in the Dry Season

Urea Treatment of Mature Whole-Crop Cereal Mixtures as Salvage Forage for Small-Scale Dairy Systems in the Dry Season

Desempeño Productivo De Vacas Lecheras Alimentadas Con Praderas De Kikuyo Sobresembradas Con Centeno en Sistemas De Producción De Leche en Pequeña Escala en Los Valles Altos De México

Physicochemical and sensory characterisation of ‘Molido’ fresh cheese from cows fed sorghum silage in small-scale dairy systems in the highlands of central Mexico

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