Gray Matter Abnormalities in Childhood Maltreatment: A Voxel-Wise Meta-Analysis

Abstract

The findings demonstrate that the most consistent gray matter abnormalities in individuals exposed to childhood maltreatment are in relatively late-developing ventrolateral prefrontal-limbic-temporal regions that are known to mediate late-developing functions of affect and cognitive control, which are typically compromised in this population.

Hippocampal Contribution to Context Encoding across Development Is Disrupted following Early-Life Adversity

“…Children exposed to violence had smaller hippocampal volume and less hippocampal activation during encoding on trials involving angry faces than children without violence exposure. These findings replicate prior findings of reduced hippocampal volume in maltreated children (Lim et al, 2014;Hanson et al, 2015;McLaughlin et al, 2016) and extend this work by documenting atypical hippocampal function during context encoding following childhood violence exposure.…”

“…In support of the former hypothesis, animal models show that enhanced corticotropin-releasing hormone binding in the hippocampus following chronic stress reduces dendritic spines and branching in hippocampal neurons (Brunson et al, 2001;Ivy et al, 2010) and impairs hippocampus-dependent spatial memory (McLaughlin et al, 2007) and context-modulation of fear (Cohen et al, 2009). In humans, reduced hippocampal volume has been observed in maltreated children (Lim et al, 2014;Hanson et al, 2015;McLaughlin et al, 2016). These findings suggest the possibility of broad impairments in hippocampal function in children exposed to violence.…”

Motor and extra-motor gray matter atrophy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: quantitative meta-analyses of voxel-based morphometry studies

“…A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT have been described in detail in the AES-SDM tutorial (http://www.sdmproject.com/software/tutorial.pdf) and publications (Lim, et al, 2014,Radua and Mataix-Cols, 2009,Radua, et al, 2012,Radua, et al, 2014. The processes including the following steps are briefly summarized here: (1) Peak coordinates and effect sizes (derived from e.g., t-values) of GM differences between ALS patients and controls were extracted from each data set (Lim, et al, 2014,Radua, et al, 2014.…”

“…In recent M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT employs anisotropic kernels during the recreation of effect size maps to account for the anisotropy in the spatial covariance that allows this method to go beyond combining both peak coordinates and statistical parametric maps, thus allowing for more exhaustive and accurate meta-analyses (Lim, et al, 2014,Radua, et al, 2014.…”

Microstructural brain abnormalities in medication-free patients with major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging

“…Differences between the findings of current and previous metaanalyses would provide a clearer picture of the white matter alterations directly related to the illness and those potentially influenced by current antidepressant treatment. We used anisotropic effect size-signed differential mapping (AES-SDM), 45 which is the new version of effect size-signed differential mapping (ES-SDM) 46 and has been successfully applied to dementia with Lewy bodies, 47 childhood maltreatment, 48 bipolar disorder and MDD. 32 Additionally, fibre tracking was performed to demonstrate the most probable tracts passing through the white matter regions of altered FA identified by AES-SDM, providing a more intuitive visual platform to appreciate the meta-analysis results.…”