Gravity settling characteristics of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in aqueous suspension using in situ static light scattering

Kulkarni, Pramod; Dutari, Gabriel; Biswas, Pratim; Haught, Roy C.

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2003.10.010

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For modeling, 30% of microorganisms were assumed to be attached to flocs in the river, based upon an approximation of results by Medema et al (42) and Searcy et al (45). The settling velocity of free floating Cryptosporidium oocysts was assumed to be 0.029 µm s -1 (or 1 × 10 -4 m h -1 ), as was measured by Kulkarni et al (47). The settling velocity for the other microorganisms was assumed to be of the same order of magnitude as for Cryptosporidium, as it would be governed primarily by attachment to flocs rather than the size of the microorganisms.…”

Section: Theoretical Basis and Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrologic Modeling of Pathogen Fate and Transport

Dorner

Anderson

Slawson

et al. 2006

Environ. Sci. Technol.

148

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A watershed-scale fate and transport model has been developed for Escherichia coli and several waterborne pathogens: Cryptosporidiumspp., Giardiaspp., Campylobacter spp, and E. coli O157:H7. The objectives were to determine the primary sources of pathogenic contamination in a watershed used for drinking water supply and to gain a greater understanding of the factors that most influence their survival and transport. To predict the levels of indicator bacteria and pathogens in surface water, an existing hydrologic model, WATFLOOD, was augmented for pathogen transport and tested on a watershed in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. The pathogen model considered transport as a result of overland flow, subsurface flow to tile drainage systems, and in-stream routing. The model predicted that most microorganisms entering the stream from land-based sources enter the stream from tile drainage systems rather than overland transport. Although the model predicted overland transport to be rare, when it occurred, it corresponded to the highest observed and modeled microbial concentrations. Furthermore, rapid increases in measured E. coli concentrations during storm events suggested that the resuspension of microorganisms from stream sediments may be of equal or greater importance than land-based sources of pathogens.

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Section: Theoretical Basis and Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrologic Modeling of Pathogen Fate and Transport

Dorner

Anderson

Slawson

et al. 2006

Environ. Sci. Technol.

148

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“…The sedimentation of pathogens not retained in sludge particles from anaerobic sludge blanket reactors has not been specifically studied, but may be minor. The experimentally measured settling velocity for helminth eggs in tap water was found to average 0.22 m/h for Ascaris and 0.54 m/h for Trichuris (Sengupta et al, 2011); and settling velocities for protozoa, and especially bacteria and viruses, would be much lower (Cizek et al, 2008;David and Lindquist, 1982;Kulkarni et al, 2004;Medema et al, 1998). Design guidelines for liquid upflow velocities in UASB reactors indicate that they should be 0.5 -0.7 m/h during average flow conditions and no more than 1.5 m/h during peak flow conditions (Chernicharo, 2007).…”

Section: Physical-chemical and Microbiological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactors

Oakley¹,

Sperling²,

Verbyla³

2019

Water and Sanitation for the 21st Century: Health and Microbiological Aspects of Excreta and Wastewater Management (Global Wate

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The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The ideas and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors; they are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization.

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“…conventional primary treatment when not attached to that these pathogens would be removed by settling during ). Thus, it is not expected Medema et al, 1998 ;al., 2004 Kulkarni et ;David and Lindquist, 1982 ;Cizek et al, 2008 ( viruses are even much lower than those of helminth eggs…”

Section: Conventional Primary Treatment Retention In Settling Flocmentioning

confidence: 93%