Gravity/ensemble duality

Bousso, Raphael; Wildenhain, Elizabeth

doi:10.1103/physrevd.102.066005

Cited by 127 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…(6.46). 47 In fact, the match between the first line if eq. (6.47) and (19) in [2] is exact even after keeping all terms collected in their "constant".…”

Section: Jhep12(2020)025mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum extremal islands made easy. Part II. Black holes on the brane

Chen

Myers

Neuenfeld

et al. 2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

197

226

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We discuss holographic models of extremal and non-extremal black holes in contact with a bath in d dimensions, based on a brane world model introduced in [1]. The main benefit of our setup is that it allows for a high degree of analytic control as compared to previous work in higher dimensions. We show that the appearance of quantum extremal islands in those models is a consequence of the well-understood phase transition of RT surfaces, and does not make any direct reference to ensemble averaging. For non-extremal black holes the appearance of quantum extremal islands has the right behaviour to avoid the information paradox in any dimension. We further show that for these models the calculation of the full Page curve is possible in any dimension. The calculation reduces to numerically solving two ODEs. In the case of extremal black holes in higher dimensions, we find no quantum extremal islands for a wide range of parameters. In two dimensions, our results agree with [2] at leading order; however a finite UV cutoff introduced by the brane results in subleading corrections. For example, these corrections result in the quantum extremal surfaces moving further outward from the horizon, and shifting the Page transition to a slightly earlier time.

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“…(6.46). 47 In fact, the match between the first line if eq. (6.47) and (19) in [2] is exact even after keeping all terms collected in their "constant".…”

Section: Jhep12(2020)025mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum extremal islands made easy. Part II. Black holes on the brane

Chen

Myers

Neuenfeld

et al. 2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

197

226

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the present context, the phase transition where the QEIs appear corresponds to the time when the thermal bath encodes (part of) the black hole interior, a manifestation of the ER = EPR principle [18]. See [16,17,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] for recent explorations on the island formula in different black hole geometries and [33,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] for more associated studies on information paradox and Page curve from various aspects.…”

Section: Jhep01(2021)065mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…48) so that the bound(3.43) is not yet saturated. Inserting (3.47) into (3.41), we obtain the phase boundary in an intermediate regime between(3.42) and(3.43).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaporating black holes coupled to a thermal bath

Chen

Fisher

Hernandez

et al. 2021

J. High Energ. Phys.

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We study the doubly holographic model of [1] in the situation where a black hole in two-dimensional JT gravity theory is coupled to an auxiliary bath system at arbitrary finite temperature. Depending on the initial temperature of the black hole relative to the bath temperature, the black hole can lose mass by emitting Hawking radiation, stay in equilibrium with the bath or gain mass by absorbing thermal radiation from the bath. In all of these scenarios, a unitary Page curve is obtained by applying the usual prescription for holographic entanglement entropy and identifying the quantum extremal surface for the generalized entropy, using both analytical and numeric calculations. As the application of the entanglement wedge reconstruction, we further investigate the reconstruction of the black hole interior from a subsystem containing the Hawking radiation. We examine the roles of the Hawking radiation and also the purification of the thermal bath in this reconstruction.

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“…(30), then there is no real inconsistency. The idea that the gravitational path integral may in fact be computing some coarse-grained version of quantities, averaged over some microscopic information, has attracted much attention recently [58,[71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85]. But if so, what kind of average is it taking and over what ensemble?…”

Section: A Ensemble In the Global Gauge Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ensemble from coarse graining: Reconstructing the interior of an evaporating black hole

Langhoff

Nomura

2020

Phys. Rev. D

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In understanding the quantum physics of a black hole, nonperturbative aspects of gravity play important roles. In particular, huge gauge redundancies of a gravitational theory at the nonperturbative level, which are much larger than the standard diffeomorphism and relate even spaces with different topologies, allow us to take different descriptions of a system. While the physical conclusions are the same in any description, the same physics may manifest itself in vastly different forms in descriptions based on different gauge choices. In this paper, we explore the relation between two such descriptions, which we refer to as the global gauge and unitary gauge constructions. The former is based on the global spacetime of general relativity, in which understanding unitarity requires the inclusion of subtle nonperturbative effects of gravity. The latter is based on a distant view of the black hole, in which unitarity is manifest but the existence of interior spacetime is obscured. These two descriptions are complementary. In this paper, we initiate the study of learning aspects of one construction through the analysis of the other. We find that the existence of near empty interior spacetime manifest in the global gauge construction is related to the maximally chaotic, fast scrambling, and universal dynamics of the horizon in the unitary gauge construction. We use the complementarity of the gauge choices to understand the ensemble nature of the gravitational path integral in global spacetime in terms of coarse graining and thermality in a single unitary theory that does not involve any ensemble nature at the fundamental level. We also discuss how the interior degrees of freedom are related with those in the exterior in the two constructions. This relation emerges most naturally as entanglement wedge reconstruction and the effective theory of the interior in the respective constructions.

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Gravity/ensemble duality

Cited by 127 publications

References 50 publications

Quantum extremal islands made easy. Part II. Black holes on the brane

Quantum extremal islands made easy. Part II. Black holes on the brane

Evaporating black holes coupled to a thermal bath

Ensemble from coarse graining: Reconstructing the interior of an evaporating black hole

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