Gravity analysis of tourism flows and the ‘multilateral resistance to tourism’

Harb, Georges; Bassil, Charbel

doi:10.1080/13683500.2018.1544612

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…There exist numerous studies that assess the relationship between tourist inflows and economic growth. There is another category of studies that focus on the determinants of tourism demand, such as Wambove et al [30], Harb, and Bassil [31], and Mitra [32].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Linkage between Economic Growth, Renewable Energy, Tourism, CO2 Emissions, and International Trade: The Evidence for the European Union

2020

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This paper evaluates the link between economic growth, renewable energy, tourism arrivals, trade openness, and carbon dioxide emissions in the European Union (EU-28). As an econometric strategy, the research uses panel data. In the first step, we apply the unit root test, and the results demonstrated that the variables used in this study are integrated I (1) in the first difference. In the second step, we apply the Pedroni cointegration test, and Kao Residual cointegration test, and we observe that the variables are cointegrated in the long run. The panel fully modified least squares (FMOLS), panel dynamic least squares (DOLS), and generalized moments system (GMM-System) estimator are considered in this research. The econometric results proved that trade openness and renewable energy decreased climate change and environmental degradation. The empirical study also found a positive effect of economic growth on carbon dioxide emissions. Moreover, tourism arrivals are negatively correlated with carbon dioxide emissions, showing sustainability practices of the tourism sector on the environment. Furthermore, carbon dioxide emissions in the long run present a positive impact, indicating that climate change increases. In this study, we also consider the recent methodology of Dumitrescu–Hurlin to observe the causality and the relationship between renewable energy, trade openness, economic growth, tourism arrivals, and carbon dioxide emissions.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Linkage between Economic Growth, Renewable Energy, Tourism, CO2 Emissions, and International Trade: The Evidence for the European Union

2020

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“…Similarly, the effect of cultural distance is also investigated in the study by Bi and Lehto (2018) in the case of Chinese outbound travelers. Harb and Bassil (2020) find that relative accessibility vis-à-vis other countries also affects tourism flows. Petit and Seetaram (2020) construct a proxy for cultural preferences and find it to have a significant effect on bilateral tourism exports in 12 OECD countries.…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 87%

Tourism, insularity, and remoteness: A gravity-based approach

2019

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This study investigates the sensitivity of bilateral tourism flows to distance, relative prices, and cultural and political proximity variables, with a special focus on small island destinations, using a gravity model. We find that these flows are negatively affected by larger distances between origin and destination countries and by lower gross domestic product (GDP) in both countries. There are significant differences between our subset of islands and other nations. On the one hand, small islands have higher elasticities of demand with regard to distance and destination GDP and are at a disadvantage compared to other destinations since they are small and remote. Furthermore, they have a much higher price elasticity of demand. On the other hand, sharing a common language and a common colonial past with the origin country has a greater positive impact on tourism flows to small islands than to other countries.

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“…The application of the gravity model to tourism studies means that the higher the distance between the visitors' home country and intended destination country for a holiday, the higher the cost of travel which can translate into fewer visitors. Recent empirical applications of gravity model for tourism studies are shown in Santana-Gallego et al (2015 and; Morley et al (2014), Santeramo and Morelli (2016); Zhang et al (2019) and Harb and Bassil (2020).…”

Section: Tourism Dynamics: a Review Of The Theoretical Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2015 and 2016); Santeramo and Morelli (2016) and Harb and Bassil (2020); the gravity modelling procedure is applied in the analysis of business visitor arrivals in New Zealand. Equation 1 represents the general estimable form of the gravity model that used to explain total visitor arrivals into New Zealand.…”

Section: The Modelling Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Business environment effect on business visitor arrivals to New Zealand

Gani

Clemes

2020

Current Issues in Tourism

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This research investigates the impact that New Zealand's business environment has on its international business visitor arrivals. Within a gravity modelling framework, data for twenty-four main visitor origin countries are used for empirical analysis for the period 2004-2013. The core contribution of our research is that our empirical results provide strong evidence that the interaction of internet diffusion, commercial bank presence and shipping services with international trade are statistically significant variables. New Zealand's business infrastructure also correlates with foreign business visitors. We conclude that more open trade policies, combined with an improved business environment, provide the added benefits of attracting more international business visitors offering a subsequent, positive impact on the New Zealand tourism industry.

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Gravity analysis of tourism flows and the ‘multilateral resistance to tourism’

Cited by 25 publications

References 38 publications

The Linkage between Economic Growth, Renewable Energy, Tourism, CO2 Emissions, and International Trade: The Evidence for the European Union

The Linkage between Economic Growth, Renewable Energy, Tourism, CO2 Emissions, and International Trade: The Evidence for the European Union

Tourism, insularity, and remoteness: A gravity-based approach

Business environment effect on business visitor arrivals to New Zealand

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