Gravitational waves: Classification, methods of detection, sensitivities and sources

Abstract

After giving a brief introduction and presenting a complete classification of gravitational waves (GWs) according to their frequencies, we review and summarize the detection methods, the sensitivities, and the sources. We notice that real-time detections are possible above 300 pHz. Below 300 pHz, the detections are possible on GW imprints or indirectly. We are on the verge of detection. The progress in this field will be promising and thriving. We will see improvement of a few orders to several orders of magnitude in the GW detection sensitivities over all frequency bands in the next hundred years.

Probing GHz gravitational waves with graviton–magnon resonance

“…It is useful to review the current status of gravitational wave observations [2]. It should be stressed that there exists a lowest measurable frequency.…”

Measuring the tilt of primordial gravitational-wave power spectrum from observations

“…Here, we consider two PTA projects, namely IPTA [14] and FAST [15], respectively. We make the same assumptions for these PTAs as were presented in [16]. The number of pulsars, observation times and timing accuracy for these PTAs can be found in Table 5 of [16].…”

Probing primordial–black-hole dark matter with scalar induced gravitational waves

“…Because a substantial windows for PBH as all of DM in the approximate range [10 −16 , 10 −14 ] ∪ [10 −13 , 10 −12 ]M is still available, for example, we choose . We assume IPTA, FAST and SKA last for the same observation time of 30 years, and other settings of these PTA projects can be found in Table 5 of [76].…”