Gravitational wave emission from metastable current-carrying strings in E6

Afzal, Adeela; Shafi, Qaisar; Tiwari, Amit

doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2024.138516

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…[11][12][13][14][15] for theoretical works on the GW spectrum JHEP04(2024)068 from metastable strings). The observations by PTAs ignited tremendous research interests in metastable cosmic strings [15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting metastable cosmic string breaking

Chitose,

Ibe,

Nakayama

et al. 2024

J. High Energ. Phys.

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Metastable cosmic strings appear in models of new physics with a two-step symmetry breaking G → H → 1, where π1(H) ≠ 0 and π1(G) = 0. They decay via the monopole-antimonopole pair creation inside. Conventionally, the breaking rate has been estimated by an infinitely thin string approximation, which requires a large hierarchy between the symmetry breaking scales. In this paper, we reexamine it by taking into account the finite sizes of both the cosmic string and the monopole. We obtain a robust lower limit on the tunneling factor $$ {e}^{-{S}_B} $$ e − S B even for regimes the conventional estimate is unreliable. In particular, it is relevant to the cosmic string interpretation of the gravitational wave signals recently reported by pulsar timing array experiments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting metastable cosmic string breaking

Chitose,

Ibe,

Nakayama

et al. 2024

J. High Energ. Phys.

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“…SO (10) breaking can also yield metastable strings [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32], which produce a stochastic gravitational background that appears compatible with the latest PTA data for Gµ ≈ 10 −7 and the metastability factor √ κ ≈ 8 [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. Here, κ = m 2 M /µ, with m M denoting the monopole (and antimonopole) mass whose presence makes the cosmic strings metastable through quantum mechanical tunneling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum tunneling in the early universe: stable magnetic monopoles from metastable cosmic strings

Lazarides,

Maji,

Shafi

2024

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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We present a novel mechanism for producing topologically stable monopoles (TSMs) from the quantum mechanical decay of metastable cosmic strings in the early universe. In an SO(10) model this mechanism yields TSMs that carry two units (4π/e) of Dirac magnetic charge as well as some color magnetic charge which is screened. For a dimensionless string tension parameter Gμ ≈ 10-9-10-5, the monopoles are superheavy with masses of order 1015-1017 GeV. Monopoles with masses of order 108-1014 GeV arise from metastable strings for Gμ values from ∼ 10-22 to 10-10. We identify the parameter space for producing these monopoles at an observable level with detectors such as IceCube and KM3NeT. For lower Gμ values the ultra-relativistic monopoles should be detectable at Pierre Auger and ANITA. The stochastic gravitational wave emission arise from metastable strings with Gμ ∼ 10-9-10-5 and should be accessible at HLVK and future detectors including the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer. An E 6 extension based on this framework would yield TSMs from the quantum mechanical decay of metastable strings that carry three units (6π/e) of Dirac magnetic charge.

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Topological structures, dark matter and gravitational waves in E6

Maji,

Shafi,

Tiwari

2024

J. High Energ. Phys.

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We discuss the appearance of topological structures from the spontaneous breaking of E6 to the Standard Model via its maximal subgroup SO(10) × U(1)ψ. They include dumbbells, metastable strings, as well as domain walls bounded by necklaces. We provide a novel scenario for producing metastable strings based on the symmetry breaking U(1)ψ ⟶ ℤ8 ⟶ ℤ4. The metastable string arises from the merger of ℤ8 strings that bound a domain wall. An unbroken gauge ℤ2 symmetry from SO(10) breaking yields viable stable dark matter candidates as well as topologically stable strings. We discuss the gravitational wave emission from two varieties of cosmic strings, namely the superheavy metastable ones and the intermediate scale topologically stable cosmic strings.

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Gravitational wave emission from metastable current-carrying strings in E6

Cited by 7 publications

References 46 publications

Revisiting metastable cosmic string breaking

Revisiting metastable cosmic string breaking

Quantum tunneling in the early universe: stable magnetic monopoles from metastable cosmic strings

Topological structures, dark matter and gravitational waves in E6

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