We review work on construction of Monopoles in higher dimensions. These are solutions to a particular class of models descending from Yang-Mills systems on even dimensional bulk, with Spheres as codimensions. The topological lower bounds on the Yang-Mills action translate to Bogomol'nyi lower bounds on the residual Yang-Mills-Higgs systems. Mostly, consideration is restricted to 8 dimensional bulk systems, but extension to the arbitrary case follows systematically. After presenting the monopoles, the corresponding dyons are also constructed. Finally, new Chern-Simons densities expressed in terms of Yang-Mills and Higgs fields are presented. These are defined in all dimensions, including in even dimensional spacetimes. They are constructed by subjecting the dimensionally reduced Chern-Pontryagin densites to further descent by two steps.Most of the results covered in these notes have appeared in numerous publications, and the aim here has been to collect all of these together in a coherent framework. Work on various aspects of monopoles in higher dimensions, inclding generalisations of three dimension, were carried out in collaboration with Amithabha Related work on vortices of generalised Abelian Higgs models in two dimensions, and their gauge decoupled versions, was carried out in collaboration with Kieran Arthur, Yves Brihaye, Jurgen Burzlaff and Harald Müller-Kirsten. Throughout, discussions with Lochlainn O'Raifeartaigh were invaluable. Thanks are due to Neil Lambert, Valery Rubakov and Paul Townsend for helpful comments. Special thanks are due to Eugen Radu for help and discussions throughout the preparation of these notes.
The Yang-Mills hierarchyWe seek finite energy solutions of Yang-Mills-Higgs (YMH) systems in arbitrary spacelike dimensions IR D . The construction of instantons of Yang-Mills (YM) instantons and YMH and monopoles in higher dimensions was first suggested in [12]. Yang-Mills-Higgs systems can be derived from the dimensional descent of a suitable member of the Yang-Mills (YM) hierarchy on the Euclidean space IR D × K N such that K N is a compact coset space. Here, D + N is even since the YM hierarchy introduced in [8], is defined in even dimensions since Chern-Pontryagin densities are defined in even dimensions only.The YM hierarchy of SO(4p) gauge fields in the chiral (Dirac matrix) representations consisting only of the p-YM term in (2.2) was introduced in [8] to construct selfdual instantons in 4p dimensions. (The selfduality equation for the p = 2 case was solved indepenently in [13], whose authors subsequently stated in their Erratum, that this solution was the instanton of the p = 2 member of the hierarchy introduced earlier in [8].) The instantons of the generic system consisting of the sum of many terms (2.2) with different p, while stable, are not selfdual and cannot be evaluated in closed form and are constructed numerically [14]. Restricting ourselves here to finite action (instanton) solutions only, it is worth mentioning an alternative hierarchy which supports selfdual instanton...