Gravireception of the sporangiophore of Phycomyces blakesleeanus

Galland, Paul; Fries, Volker; Grolig, Franz; Schmidt, Werner

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2007.01.022

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Sporangiophores that are kept in Ca 2+ buffer display substantially enhanced gravitropism at 10 −4 M Ca 2+ ; interestingly, the effect ensues only in mutants that lack the vacuolar protein crystals (Galland et al . ).…”

Section: Gravitropismmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Surprisingly, red light, which is phototropically ineffective, accelerates gravitropism, although the underlying photoreceptor is currently unknown (Galland et al . ).…”

Section: Interaction Between Light and Gravitropismmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The search for fungal gravisusceptors, although a century old, has only very recently received novel input. Unfortunately, the gravisusceptors of Phycomyces went unnoticed for decades even though it was clear that they must be cell inclusions, as evident by the observation that submerged sporangiophores retain their negative gravitropic bending (Dennison 1961;Galland et al 2007). Submerging sporangiophores eliminates 'flexure' caused by the weight of the sporangiophore, and particularly the sporangium.…”

Section: Gravisusceptors Of Phycomycesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Asymmetric application of gadolinium, Ca 2+ chelators or compound 48/80 (inhibiting calmodulin) to the growing zone of the sporangiophore elicits curvature toward the side to which the inhibitors were applied (Stecker et al 1990;Edwards 1991). Sporangiophores that are kept in Ca 2+ buffer display substantially enhanced gravitropism at 10 À4 M Ca 2+ ; interestingly, the effect ensues only in mutants that lack the vacuolar protein crystals (Galland et al 2007).…”

Section: Cytoskeleton Ion Fluxes and Gravity-induced Absorbance Chanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dependence on irradiance and wavelength is complex and has not been studied extensively. Surprisingly, red light, which is phototropically ineffective, accelerates gravitropism, although the underlying photoreceptor is currently unknown (Galland et al 2007).…”

Section: Exponential Lawquantitative Interaction Between Gravi-and Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The sporangiophore of Phycomyces blakesleeanus: a tool to investigate fungal gravireception and graviresponses

Galland

2013

Plant Biol J

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The giant sporangiophore of the single-celled fungus, Phycomyces blakesleeanus, utilises light, gravity and gases (water and ethylene) as environmental cues for spatial orientation. Even though gravitropism is ubiquitous in fungi (Naturwissenschaftliche Rundschau, 1996, 49, 174), the underlying mechanisms of gravireception are far less understood than those operating in plants. The amenability of Phycomyces to classical genetics and the availability of its genome sequence makes it essential to fill this knowledge gap and serve as a paradigm for fungal gravireception. The physiological phenomena describing the gravitropism of plants, foremost adherence to the so-called sine law, hold even for Phycomyces. Additional phenomena pertaining to gravireception, specifically adherence to the novel exponential law and non-adherence to the classical resultant law of gravitropism, were for the first time investigated for Phycomyces. Sporangiophores possess a novel type of gravisusceptor, i.e. lipid globules that act by buoyancy rather than sedimentation and that are associated with a network of actin cables (Plant Biology, 2013). Gravitropic bending is associated with ion currents generated by directed Ca(2+) and H(+) transport in the growing zone (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2005, 1048, 487; Planta, 2012, 236, 1817). A set of behavioural mutants with specific defects in gravi- and/or photoreception allowed dissection of the respective transduction chains. The complex phenotypes of these mutants led to abandoning the concept of simple linear transduction chains in favour of interacting networks with molecular modules of physically interacting proteins.

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Section: Gravitropismmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Surprisingly, red light, which is phototropically ineffective, accelerates gravitropism, although the underlying photoreceptor is currently unknown (Galland et al . ).…”

Section: Interaction Between Light and Gravitropismmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Gravisusceptors Of Phycomycesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cytoskeleton Ion Fluxes and Gravity-induced Absorbance Chanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Exponential Lawquantitative Interaction Between Gravi-and Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The sporangiophore of Phycomyces blakesleeanus: a tool to investigate fungal gravireception and graviresponses

Galland

2013

Plant Biol J

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11 Photomorphogenesis and Gravitropism in Fungi

Corrochano

Galland

2016

Growth, Differentiation and Sexuality

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Surface tip-to-base Ca2+ and H+ ionic fluxes are involved in apical growth and graviperception of the Phycomyces stage I sporangiophore

Živanović

2012

Planta

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Net fluxes of Ca(2+) and H(+) ions were measured non-invasively close to the surface of Phycomyces blakesleeanus sporangiophores stage I using ion-selective vibrating microelectrodes. The measurements were performed on a wild type (Wt) and a gravitropic mutant A909 kept in either vertical or tilted orientation. Microelectrodes were positioned 4 μm from the surface of sporangiophore, and ion fluxes were recorded from the apical (0-20 μm) and subapical (50-100 μm) regions. The magnitude and direction of ionic fluxes measured were dependent on the distance from the tip along the growing zone of sporangiophore. Vertically oriented sporangiophores displayed characteristic tip-to-base ion fluxes patterns. Ca(2+) and H(+) fluxes recorded from apical region of Wt sporangiophores were inward-directed, while ion fluxes from subapical locations occurred in both directions. In contrast to Wt, mutant A909 showed opposite (outward) direction of Ca(2+) fluxes and reduced H(+) influxes in the apical region. Following gravistimulation, the magnitude and direction of ionic fluxes were altered. Wt sporangiophore exhibited oppositely directed fluxes on the lower (influx) and the upper (efflux) sides of the cell, while mutant A909 did not show such patterns. A variable elongation growth in vertical position and reduced growth rate upon gravistimulation were observed in both strains. The data show that tip-growing sporangiophores exhibit a tip-to-base ion flux pattern which changes characteristically upon gravistimulation in Wt in contrast to the mutant A909 with a strongly reduced gravitropic response.

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Gravireception of the sporangiophore of Phycomyces blakesleeanus

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

The sporangiophore of Phycomyces blakesleeanus: a tool to investigate fungal gravireception and graviresponses

The sporangiophore of Phycomyces blakesleeanus: a tool to investigate fungal gravireception and graviresponses

11 Photomorphogenesis and Gravitropism in Fungi

Surface tip-to-base Ca2+ and H+ ionic fluxes are involved in apical growth and graviperception of the Phycomyces stage I sporangiophore

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