Graves’ hyperthyroidism accompanied with acute hepatitis B virus infection: an extrahepatic manifestation?

Cui, Wanpeng; Deng, Baocheng; Wang, Wen; Liu, Pei

doi:10.1186/s12985-016-0537-z

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Apart from liver, we described, by qPCR and the expression of HBcAg IHC, for first time, the DCH localization in various organs and cell types outside of the liver, supporting the spectrum of extra-hepatic manifestations of the nature of hepadnaviral infections [ 43 , 46 , 51 ]. The different DCH viral loads among the investigated cats may support the degree of severity, as presented in HBV-infected human patients [ 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Insights into the genetic diversity, recombination, and systemic infections with evidence of intracellular maturation of hepadnavirus in cats

et al. 2020

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a human pathogen of global concern, while a high diversity of viruses related to HBV have been discovered in other animals during the last decade. Recently, the novel mammalian hepadnavirus, tentatively named domestic cat hepadnavirus (DCH), was detected in an immunocompromised cat. Herein, a collection of 209 cat sera and 15 hepato-diseased cats were screened for DCH using PCR, resulting in 12.4% and 20% positivity in the tested sera and necropsied cats, respectively. Among the DCH-positive sera, a significantly high level of co-detection with retroviral infection was found, with the highest proportion being co-detection with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Full-length genome characterization of DCH revealed the genetic diversity between the nine Thai DCH sequences obtained, and that they phylogenetically formed three distinct monophyletic clades. A putative DCH recombinant strain was found, suggesting a possible role of recombination in DCH evolution. Additionally, quantitative PCR was used to determine the viral copy number in various organs of the DCH-moribund cats, while the pathological findings were compared to the viral localization in hepatocytes, adjacent to areas of hepatic fibrosis, by immunohistochemical (IHC) and western blot analysis. In addition to the liver, positive-DCH immunoreactivity was found in various other organs, including kidneys, lung, heart, intestine, brain, and lymph nodes, providing evidence of systemic infection. Ultrastructure of infected cells revealed electron-dense particles in the nucleus and cytoplasm of hepatocytes, bronchial epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. We propose the intracellular development mechanism of this virus. Although the definitive roles of pathogenicity of DCH remains undetermined, a contributory role of the virus associated with systemic diseases is possible.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Insights into the genetic diversity, recombination, and systemic infections with evidence of intracellular maturation of hepadnavirus in cats

et al. 2020

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“…Indeed, our data also showed a lower incidence of thyroid disorders in the HBV women as compared to the non-HBV group. As a predominant proportion of active thyroid disorders complicating pregnancy in our cohort were Graves's disease or autoimmune thyroiditis, the negative association could probably be explained by a similar mechanism [ 30 ]. In addition, as the immunological responses to preeclampsia would be expected to be much more prominent than those of milder gestational hypertension, we would explain our observation that the protective effect of HBV was more robust against preeclampsia as compared to gestational hypertension in our cohort.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Carrier Status and Its Negative Association with Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy

Lok

Kong

2021

Obstetrics and Gynecology International

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Background and Objectives. To evaluate whether a negative association between chronic hepatitis B carrier status and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy could continue to be demonstrated in an endemic area with a changing prevalence for chronic hepatitis B infection. Study Design. A retrospective cohort of all deliveries in a single centre over a period of 20 years in a population with high prevalence for chronic hepatitis B carrier status was studied. Main Outcome Measures. The primary outcome was the prevalence of chronic HBV carrier status and gestational hypertensive disorders in pregnancy during the study period. The secondary outcome measures included the major risk factors for gestational hypertensive disorders. The overall association between HBV carrier status and gestational hypertensive disorders and the association with major risk factors were then evaluated. Results. In a total cohort of 87889 deliveries over a period of 20 years, the prevalence rate of HBV fell from around 10-11% to around 6-7% in the last 5 years of the study. A negative association between chronic HBV carrier status and all gestational hypertensive disorders could be demonstrated. An apparent protective effect of HBV carrier status was apparently more robust against preeclampsia than gestational hypertension, as the negative association with preeclampsia was consistently observed throughout the study period. A logistic regression model showed that advanced maternal age, multiple pregnancies, obesity, and significant medical disorders were positively correlated with gestational hypertensive disorders, while multiparity and positive HBV carrier status were negatively correlated. Conclusion. Chronic HBV carrier status appeared to have a protective effect against the development of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension in an endemic area with high HBV prevalence rates.

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“…Cui and colleagues described a case in which a 46 year old woman with acute hepatitis B infection who presented with Graves' disease [9] . She was noted to have improved thyroid function with the treatment and clearance of hepatitis B viral DNA, and concluded that the Graves' disease was likely an extrahepatic manifestation of acute hepatitis B virus infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coxsackie Virus Induced Graves’ Disease in an Immunocompetent Patient

Tang¹,

Das²,

Krudy³

2021

ijirms

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Enteroviruses, such as Coxsackie virus, have been implicated in the past as a pathogen associated with subacute thyroiditis, also known as de Quervain’s thyroiditis. Less commonly are viruses associated with autoimmune thyroid diseases such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease. We present a case of a healthy 43 year old female who presented to the emergency department complaining of several months of weakness, nausea, loose bowel movements, anxiousness, and shortness of breath. Physical exam revealed tachycardia, tremors, and a non-tender thyroid gland to palpation. Skin exam showed a rash on the palms of her hands and soles of her feet bilaterally with dark papules, suggestive of Hand, foot, and mouth disease. Laboratory workup would reveal an undetectable thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and levels of T3 & T4 too high to quantify. Thyroid receptor antibodies would return as positive, diagnostic of Graves’ disease. Coxsackie virus (the causative agent of Hand, foot, and mouth disease) IgM titers also returned positive suggesting recent infection. Although the etiology of Graves’ disease is still not clear, this case report provides evidence that environmental triggers such as Coxsackie viral infection may be involved in its pathogenesis.

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Graves’ hyperthyroidism accompanied with acute hepatitis B virus infection: an extrahepatic manifestation?

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Insights into the genetic diversity, recombination, and systemic infections with evidence of intracellular maturation of hepadnavirus in cats

Insights into the genetic diversity, recombination, and systemic infections with evidence of intracellular maturation of hepadnavirus in cats

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Carrier Status and Its Negative Association with Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy

Coxsackie Virus Induced Graves’ Disease in an Immunocompetent Patient

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