Graves' Disease Following Subacute Thyroiditis

Nakano, Yoshishige; Kurihara, Hideo; Sasaki, Jun

doi:10.1620/tjem.225.301

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In this particular study[,] the intervals between the onsets of SAT and GD were 1-8 months. In the literature, intervals between simultaneous occurrence and an interval of up to 8 years have been described [4,5,6]. In our patient, it was a very long interval, of 11 years, between the SAT and the occurrence of GD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…The occurrence of GD after SAT is very rare. In a report from Japan [6], 7 patients with SAT followed by GD were encountered during a period of 24 years at a thyroid clinic; these 7 comprised 0.15% of the 4,617 patients with GD and 0.76% of the 918 patients with SAT. In this particular study[,] the intervals between the onsets of SAT and GD were 1-8 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…that this combination predisposes to endocrine ophthalmopathy [16]. The incidence of GD ophthalmopathy in patients with previous SAT is unknown but some cases have been described [6]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of Graves' disease (GD) after SAT is very rare, and only a limited number of cases of GD occurring after SAT have been reported [2,3,4,5,6]. Here, we report a case of GD with opthalmopathy occurring 11 years after SAT with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibodies present and hypothyroidism requiring thyroxine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Presence of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Receptor Antibodies in a Patient with Subacute Thyroiditis followed by Hypothyroidism and Later Graves' Disease with Ophthalmopathy: A Case Report

et al. 2015

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Background: The development of Graves' disease (GD) after subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is very rare and only a limited number of cases have been reported. Objectives: Here, we reporta patient with SAT followed by hypothyroidism and later GD, with ophthalmopathy, occurring 11 years after SAT. Conclusion: This case illustrates the appearance of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibodies in a female 1 year after SAT, the development of hypothyroidism requiring thyroxine, and later the occurrence of GD with severe ophthalmopathy, 11 years after SAT. The occurrence of SAT and GD may be coincidental but SAT may have induced the appearance of TSH-receptor antibodies, with the bioactivity changing from blocking, leading to hypothyroidism, and later to a stimulating activity that led to GD in a genetically susceptible patient.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…that this combination predisposes to endocrine ophthalmopathy [16]. The incidence of GD ophthalmopathy in patients with previous SAT is unknown but some cases have been described [6]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Presence of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Receptor Antibodies in a Patient with Subacute Thyroiditis followed by Hypothyroidism and Later Graves' Disease with Ophthalmopathy: A Case Report

et al. 2015

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“…The appearance of GD within a few months after SAT is rare, and only a few cases have been reported [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Also a case with simultaneous occurrence of subacute thyroiditis and Graves' disease has been described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Cases-Report of Mild Graves?Disease Following Subacute Thyroiditis: More Evidence of the Role of Thyroglobulin in The Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease?

Markou¹

2014

Thyroid Disorders Ther

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Two middle aged Caucasian women with no previous history of thyroid or any other disease developed typical subacute thyroiditis (SAT) with minimal thyroidal radioactive iodine uptake. A few months after restoration of euthyroidism and discontinuation of corticosteroid therapy, they developed mild hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease (GD), as judged by the increased diffuse thyroidal radioactive iodine uptake. Both of them were genetically predisposed to the above diseases since they had the certain HLA haplotypes for SAT and GD. Also they developed anti-thyroglobulin antibodies during the period of GD. We hypothesize that genetic background and the increased load of Tg or other autoantigens released from the distracted damaged thyroid gland due to SAT triggered the development of GD a few months later.

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COVID‐19‐induced autoimmune thyroiditis: Exploring molecular mechanisms

Mohammadi

Dua

Saghafi

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) damages multiple organs, including the thyroid, by direct invasion and cell entry via angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 or indirectly by promoting excessive inflammation in the body. The immune system is a critical factor in antiviral immunity and disease progression. In the context of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, the immune system may become overly activated, resulting in a shift from regulatory to effector responses, which may subsequently promote the development and progression of autoimmune diseases. The incidence of autoimmune thyroid diseases, such as subacute thyroiditis, Graves' disease, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, increases in individuals with COVID‐19 infection. This phenomenon may be attributed to aberrant responses of T‐cell subtypes, the presence of autoantibodies, impaired regulatory cell function, and excessive production of inflammatory cytokines, namely interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐1β, interferon‐γ, and tumor necrosis factor‐α. Therefore, insights into the immune responses involved in the development of autoimmune thyroid disease according to COVID‐19 can help identify potential therapeutic approaches and guide the development of effective interventions to alleviate patients' symptoms.

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Graves' Disease Following Subacute Thyroiditis

Cited by 29 publications

References 11 publications

Presence of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Receptor Antibodies in a Patient with Subacute Thyroiditis followed by Hypothyroidism and Later Graves' Disease with Ophthalmopathy: A Case Report

Presence of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Receptor Antibodies in a Patient with Subacute Thyroiditis followed by Hypothyroidism and Later Graves' Disease with Ophthalmopathy: A Case Report

Two Cases-Report of Mild Graves?Disease Following Subacute Thyroiditis: More Evidence of the Role of Thyroglobulin in The Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease?

COVID‐19‐induced autoimmune thyroiditis: Exploring molecular mechanisms

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